Strawberry Winter Shed Cultivation Technique

The production of strawberries in winter greenhouses requires strict temperature control and high cultivation management. In order to explore the low-cost, high-efficiency winter production method for strawberry, the Strawberry Shed Cultivation experiment was conducted in Dongdi Village, Liaozhong County, Liaoning Province, from 1998 to 2001. 1 Arch shed construction shed consists of three parts: wall, arch and insulation. The wall is made of earth and the arches include pillars, bamboo poles, and lead wire. The insulation part is mainly sheds and grasshoppers. The arch shelter is facing south in the north with a span of 3.5m (m). The back wall is 120cm high (cm), the bottom width is 70cm (cm), and the top width is 45cm (cm). Column height 140cm (centimeters), 150cm (cm) from the outside of the posterior wall; 80cm (cm) of the front column, 140cm (centimeters) from the center column, lead horizontally, fixed at the top of the column, one end of the bamboo pole into the ground, the other end Fixed wire, constitute arches. In the heat preservation part, the thickness of the greenhouse film is 0.04mm (millimeter), the length of the grasshopper is 5m (m), and the width is 1.5 to 2m (m). 2 Soil preparation, crop production, and fertilization Shed strawberries have a long growth period and require large amounts of Fertilizer. Moreover, winter production limits the number of watering operations and it is inconvenient to apply fertilizer. Therefore, the application of base fertilizer is very important, usually 667? (m2) of chicken manure decomposition 5000kg (kg), diammonium phosphate 20kg (kg), biological potassium fertilizer 5kg (kg), combined with fertilization, deep-turning the land, and then make a width 50cm to 60cm (centimeters), sulcus top width 40cm to 50cm (cm), bottom width 20cm (cm), height 15cm to 20cm (cm) sorghum, direction is north-south. 3 Variety selection Strawberry greenhouse cultivation in winter, should use a short period of dormancy varieties, to Chunxiang, Fengxiang and other varieties as well. 4 timely planting, reasonable close planting strawberry planting period in late August is appropriate, if not on time planting, can be nursed in the nursery nursery, in mid-September planted in the arch shed. General 667 square meters) colonization of 8000 to 10,000 strains, that is plant spacing 15cm to 20cm (cm), row spacing 40cm to 50cm (cm), when planting the direction of the strawberry arches toward the outside, the planting depth is not buried below, not exposed Root is appropriate. 5 After the strawberry planted after planting, it must be watered the same day, and then poured 2 to 3 water within 1 week. When the new leaves grow, remove the old leaves and the sowing stems. To the shed before the view of the soil moisture and then poured 2 to 3 water. 6 temperature adjustment arch shed insulation time is late October. 15 days (days) around the shed, the mulch film was covered, and the film was broken to raise the seedlings. Stamped grasshoppers at the beginning of December and controlled before extreme cold temperatures (extremely low temperatures generally occur from late December to mid-January, when the outside temperature is lower than -14.5°C), and 50cm (centimeters) is added in the shed. Small sheds to increase insulation effect, after extremely low temperatures, can be removed. After mid-March, grasshoppers can be removed in a timely manner and attention should be paid to the release of winds. From the initial stage of incubation until flowering, the daytime temperature in the shed should be 25°C to 28°C, and not less than 5°C at night. In the initial period of heat preservation, the outside air temperature is high, and attention should be paid to the cooling during the day. From early flowering to maturity, the daytime temperature in the shed should be 20°C to 25°C, and not less than 5°C at night. 7 The economic benefits of strawberry cultivation in the winter arch, the first picking peak in February, the second picking peak in April. In the same shed, the production was measured at 424.3 kg/667 2 (kg/m2) on February 9, 2000; the production was measured at 1017.5 kg/667 4 (kg/m2) on April 17, with an average of 667 ( (square). m) Income 9548 yuan, net of cost, net income 7338 yuan. 8. Precautions (1) The temperature management index after the shed is the best range, and production should be managed. (2) There are continuous rainy days during the shelter period, and no grass cover can be covered during the day. (3) In the flower and fruit stage, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.3% urea can be sprayed to conduct extra-root dressing 2 or 3 times. (4) During the fruiting period of strawberry, due to the high temperature in the shed, it is easy to occur with gray mold. It can be controlled with 75% chlorothalonil or 50% ketyl 500-800 times. China Agricultural Network Editor

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