Jianye rapid breeding technology (2)
2018-10-30 12:01:42
Fourth, Jianye cage culture (a) the choice of cages to place the place to place the cage waters, should be fertile water, no pollution, suitable water temperature, sunny shelter, the bottom flat, moderate depth (perennial maintain 4 - 7 meters) There is no flooding in the reservoir. (2) Construction and arrangement of cages 1. Structure of cages Net cages are usually made of six closed or open boxes sewed by processing. They are square or rectangular, and they are fixed on the sides with a plywood or a square wood bar. Into the framework. Fish cages with a mesh of 1 cm and a size of 28-32 square meters. Net cages for raising fish have a mesh size of 2-3 cm, which is generally about 60 square meters. In recent years, 1 square meters of fully-closed small cages have been used for aquaculture, which has also achieved good results and is being gradually promoted. 2. The cages for cages have several forms, such as closed-floating, open-floating and fixed-open. Open floating cages must be guarded against escape in the four reservoirs. Open fixed cages must be about 0.8 meters above the water surface, and all cages must be securely positioned. The small cages are flush with the water surface or slightly above the water surface, with feeding pipes and shade cloths. (c) Cage fish culture 1. Breeding of large-scale summer fish species will be cultivated to Wuzai, which will be diversified into ponds, and will be quickly cultivated into 4–5 cm fishponds suitable for cage culture. Work in the pond. 2. Screening and disinfection of fish species After the large-scale summer fish species cultivated above, it is necessary to exercise first, and then tie the boxes to count the number of boxes, and keep them in boxes at the specifications. Fish species must be sterilized before entering the box. Method is: 3-4% saline solution immersion for 5 minutes, name with 10ppm (ie, 0.1 kg of 10 kg water) malachite green solution for 10 minutes, or 5% saline and 0.5% baking soda solution dip, Time depends on the tolerance of the species. 3. Specification and Density of Boxing: The size of the freezer is 4.3–5 cm and weighs about 3–5 grams. Stocking density is 800-900/m2. (d) Net cages to develop fish cages to build adult puffer fish, the ideal size of stocked fish species is 50-70 grams per tail weight, stocking density is generally 5-10 kg / square meter. Or more. (5) Feeding and management of cages for breeding and breeding of cages Net cages are built to feed on artificial feeds, mainly for compound feeds, and fish species are domesticated when they are put into the box. The amount of each feed should be less than once, and the feed pellets Matching the size, that is to ensure a reasonable and complete nutrition but also the size of the palatability. 5. The rice paddies cultivated in Jianye are mainly cultivated in paddy fields, such as carp and grass carp. At present, the main methods for fish farming in paddy fields in China are rice and fish farming and rice and fish rotation. (1) Shortly after rice and fish farming is transplanted into rice fields, rice is grown and fish is raised in the same rice field. 1. Rice fields with facilities for fish cultivation Rice fields should be widened, heightened, reinforced, and cleared of weeds to block various caves and gaps. Tian Hao's height requires more than 0.5 meters and a width of 0.3 meters or more. Excavate fish ditch and fish ponds for fish habitat activities. At the opposite corner of the paddy field, the water inlets will be excavated and the bar grills will be placed. 2. Seed stocks are stocked in the Yangtze River Valley, and single-cultivation fishponds generally raise 200-300 tails of spring or spring fish per acre. After four months of feeding, they can grow into commercial fish. With Jianou as the mainstay, it takes up 20-30% of the grass carp species. The carp can develop commercial fish that year, and grass carp can develop fingerlings. Early propagation, early childbearing, and early stocking, as long as possible to extend the growth period of Jianjian seedlings in paddy fields, is an important measure to obtain high yields. 3, daily management and safe use of pesticides Rice cultivation of fish must be specifically responsible, and effectively grasp the management, to prevent escape, anti-theft, with particular attention to the safe use of pesticides. (b) Rotation of rice and fish is the first season of rice in paddy fields, raising one season of fish. 1. The selection of paddy fields and the clearing of paddy fields with rice-fish rotations. In the case of fish farming, rice is not grown and only fish is raised. Therefore, some ponds resembling fish farming in the paddy fields at this time must be cleaned and disinfected in accordance with the requirements of the fish ponds, and the heightened field ridges should be reinforced. The height should be 70 cm or more, and if it is more than 1 metre, the width should be 33 cm or more. Other requirements are the same as before. 2. The paddy field where the rice stocks are stocked for raising rice and fish can be cultivated into adult fish and can also be cultured with fish. It is also possible to carry out spawning and hatching of salmon. In terms of farming methods, they can be cultivated individually or mixedly. (1) Restocking time. In the first half of the year, rice is cultivated. In the second half of the year, the rotation of fish farming can be stocked in about one week after rice transplanting. Rice and fish are used as the first crop. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, they can be stocked with Jianzi Wuzi or summer flowers in May. After the early rice is harvested, the rice is not transplanted and the depth of the paddy field water is increased, and the rearing is continued. In the first half of the year, fish farming and rice rotation in the second half of the year are generally based on fish farming. The stocking specifications should be large and the time should be early. (2) Variety collocation and stocking density. In addition to single-cultivated paddy fields, rice paddy fields can also be polycultured, and polyculture can increase production. In order to raise 1-2 species of fish (main body fish or main fish), the stocking amount (mantissa or weight) accounts for about 60% of the total stocking amount, which is the main object for rearing.
In addition to different types of polyculture, it is also possible to carry out polycultures of the same variety and different specifications, as if a field were to grow fish and raise fish. 3. Feeding and management In paddy fields where rice and fish are rotated, due to the increased stocking density of seedlings, natural foods can no longer meet the needs of normal fish life, so appropriate feeding and fertilization should be performed. Due to the shallowness of paddy fields, the amount of fertilization is less, and it is not advisable to apply too much at a time. We must seriously inspect the field, add new water in a timely manner, and pay attention to flood prevention and fish escape. Sixth, there are many transportation and transportation methods for Jianye, and large quantities of long-distance transportation are best handled with oxygen and air transport of Wuzao nylon bags. (I) Containers and tools used for transport Containers and tools commonly used include wooden barrels, iron barrels, plastic barrels, fishing rods, and canvas buckets. In southern China, they are also used to transport by live water boats. Long-distance transportation, or transport using nylon bag oxygenation. Regardless of the type of container used, it must be carefully checked before shipment. The inner wall of wooden barrels, iron buckets, fishing rods, and canvas buckets should be smooth. Water tests must be conducted beforehand and leaks should be promptly repaired. If the canvas bucket is new, it must be soaked and cleaned. Use nylon bags to check one by one and find that cracks and holes are repaired or eliminated. For long-distance transportation, spare nylon bags are needed for mid-range replacement. The route of transportation, the change of water, the transfer of ventilation, and the place of rest, must be surveyed in advance. (b) Transportation of fry and fingerlings (1) Selection of fry and fingerlings. When buying fry and fingerlings, care should be taken to select good breeds with pure varieties, robust physique, neat specifications, lively swimming, strong water-repellent ability, and no damage. Before the transportation, it must be done by pulling nets to make it strong, eliminate body excrement, and adapt to the intensive environment. Floating on the water, traveling alone, and sluggish sluggishness are not suitable for long-distance transportation. Dead fish should be cleared in time. (2) Pick up the barrel. The fish farmers use buckets to transport the fish species. The barrels can hold about 3/4 of the water, and they can carry 80,000 to 100,000 fish fry or 10,000 to 1.9 to 2.0 centimeters long; or 3.3 to 5 centimeters of dried species of 4000 to 5000 fish; or 6 to 8 centimeters of fish to 600 to 700 tails; or 9 to 11.5 centimeters of fish to 400 to 500 tails; or 13 to 16 centimeters of fish to 200 to 300 tails. However, due to different local conditions, such as the temperature of the water, the weather is good or bad, the quality of the seeds, and the transport distance and other factors, the density of the shipment must be flexible because of the time. (3) transport fish with a canvas bucket. At present, the types of canvas barrels used throughout the country are cylindrical and square cylinders. The commonly used specifications are a drum with a height and diameter of about 95 cm, or a square drum with a height, length and width of about 90 cm. There are protective covers around the upper mouth or on all sides to prevent water and seed from spilling out. Canvas bucket and iron frame and wooden frame support, can be disassembled and folded, easy to carry. Each canvas bucket can hold 400-450 kilograms of water, accounting for 60-70% of the entire container; in the case of 15-25, it can generally transport 300,000-400,000 fry; or 3-5 thousand summer flowers; or 6.6 centimeters 1 to 15,000 fingerlings; 5000 to 6000 tails for 9.9 centimeters; or 300 to 500 tails for 13 centimeters. In a 4-ton car, generally, six cap buckets can be placed. If a large plastic bag of the same size is provided in the bucket and the oxygen bottle is oxygenated, the amount of transportation can be greatly improved. (4) Oxygen bags transport oxygen. This is a method of transporting the fish into a nylon bag and then oxygenating it. Nylon bags are small in size, flexible and maneuverable, easy to stack and manage, have high transportation density and high survival rate, and are commonly used as transportation methods by AOpen. Nylon bags are generally about 70-80 cm long and about 40 cm wide. There are packaging cartons used outside. Each nylon bag can contain 5-10 million fry; or 1-15 thousand tails of Wu Zai; or 30-50 million tail flowers; or 200-300 tails of 10 cm species. Check the bags beforehand to check whether there are holes and holes in the nylon bags. Then put in about a third of the water. Use a funnel to pour the fish or fish into the bag. Extend the air in the bag from bottom to top with both hands. , And then oxygen, until the nylon bag bulge, light pressure can be a depression, and then tie the bag mouth, folded back and then tightened. Nylon bags should not be placed on hard rough or grit areas to avoid punctures. Tie the nylon to lay flat in the carton, being careful not to stick to the tip of the inner wall of the carton. Nylon bags can be transported for up to 30 hours. It is necessary to reduce the number of stays and time during transportation. When staying, stop in a cool, ventilated place. Do not expose it to the sun. (3) The temperature of the broodstock transporting and transporting the broodstock is preferably 10-15. When the water temperature is too low, the fish body is susceptible to frostbite; if the water temperature is too high, the fish is active and easily bruised. The broodstock transport tools are mainly canvas buckets and nylon bags. The effect of a live water boat is also very good. (1) Canvas barrel transport. Suitable for short-distance transportation. Each canvas bucket can hold 400-500 kilograms of water, and can hold 1-3 kilograms of pro-carp 30--40 tails. The canvas bucket is best lined with nets to prevent bruising and easy fishing. It is even better if the canvas bucket can be oxygenated or inflated. (2) nylon bag transport. Suitable for long-distance transportation. Each nylon bag can hold 2 to 4 tails. In order to prevent the hard spines of squid from piercing the nylon bag and causing air leaks and even death, hard buckthorn can be cut off or hard burrs can be trapped with a hose. Nylon bags should be thick and strong. When carrying, move it gently and gently, and minimize fish movements.
In addition to different types of polyculture, it is also possible to carry out polycultures of the same variety and different specifications, as if a field were to grow fish and raise fish. 3. Feeding and management In paddy fields where rice and fish are rotated, due to the increased stocking density of seedlings, natural foods can no longer meet the needs of normal fish life, so appropriate feeding and fertilization should be performed. Due to the shallowness of paddy fields, the amount of fertilization is less, and it is not advisable to apply too much at a time. We must seriously inspect the field, add new water in a timely manner, and pay attention to flood prevention and fish escape. Sixth, there are many transportation and transportation methods for Jianye, and large quantities of long-distance transportation are best handled with oxygen and air transport of Wuzao nylon bags. (I) Containers and tools used for transport Containers and tools commonly used include wooden barrels, iron barrels, plastic barrels, fishing rods, and canvas buckets. In southern China, they are also used to transport by live water boats. Long-distance transportation, or transport using nylon bag oxygenation. Regardless of the type of container used, it must be carefully checked before shipment. The inner wall of wooden barrels, iron buckets, fishing rods, and canvas buckets should be smooth. Water tests must be conducted beforehand and leaks should be promptly repaired. If the canvas bucket is new, it must be soaked and cleaned. Use nylon bags to check one by one and find that cracks and holes are repaired or eliminated. For long-distance transportation, spare nylon bags are needed for mid-range replacement. The route of transportation, the change of water, the transfer of ventilation, and the place of rest, must be surveyed in advance. (b) Transportation of fry and fingerlings (1) Selection of fry and fingerlings. When buying fry and fingerlings, care should be taken to select good breeds with pure varieties, robust physique, neat specifications, lively swimming, strong water-repellent ability, and no damage. Before the transportation, it must be done by pulling nets to make it strong, eliminate body excrement, and adapt to the intensive environment. Floating on the water, traveling alone, and sluggish sluggishness are not suitable for long-distance transportation. Dead fish should be cleared in time. (2) Pick up the barrel. The fish farmers use buckets to transport the fish species. The barrels can hold about 3/4 of the water, and they can carry 80,000 to 100,000 fish fry or 10,000 to 1.9 to 2.0 centimeters long; or 3.3 to 5 centimeters of dried species of 4000 to 5000 fish; or 6 to 8 centimeters of fish to 600 to 700 tails; or 9 to 11.5 centimeters of fish to 400 to 500 tails; or 13 to 16 centimeters of fish to 200 to 300 tails. However, due to different local conditions, such as the temperature of the water, the weather is good or bad, the quality of the seeds, and the transport distance and other factors, the density of the shipment must be flexible because of the time. (3) transport fish with a canvas bucket. At present, the types of canvas barrels used throughout the country are cylindrical and square cylinders. The commonly used specifications are a drum with a height and diameter of about 95 cm, or a square drum with a height, length and width of about 90 cm. There are protective covers around the upper mouth or on all sides to prevent water and seed from spilling out. Canvas bucket and iron frame and wooden frame support, can be disassembled and folded, easy to carry. Each canvas bucket can hold 400-450 kilograms of water, accounting for 60-70% of the entire container; in the case of 15-25, it can generally transport 300,000-400,000 fry; or 3-5 thousand summer flowers; or 6.6 centimeters 1 to 15,000 fingerlings; 5000 to 6000 tails for 9.9 centimeters; or 300 to 500 tails for 13 centimeters. In a 4-ton car, generally, six cap buckets can be placed. If a large plastic bag of the same size is provided in the bucket and the oxygen bottle is oxygenated, the amount of transportation can be greatly improved. (4) Oxygen bags transport oxygen. This is a method of transporting the fish into a nylon bag and then oxygenating it. Nylon bags are small in size, flexible and maneuverable, easy to stack and manage, have high transportation density and high survival rate, and are commonly used as transportation methods by AOpen. Nylon bags are generally about 70-80 cm long and about 40 cm wide. There are packaging cartons used outside. Each nylon bag can contain 5-10 million fry; or 1-15 thousand tails of Wu Zai; or 30-50 million tail flowers; or 200-300 tails of 10 cm species. Check the bags beforehand to check whether there are holes and holes in the nylon bags. Then put in about a third of the water. Use a funnel to pour the fish or fish into the bag. Extend the air in the bag from bottom to top with both hands. , And then oxygen, until the nylon bag bulge, light pressure can be a depression, and then tie the bag mouth, folded back and then tightened. Nylon bags should not be placed on hard rough or grit areas to avoid punctures. Tie the nylon to lay flat in the carton, being careful not to stick to the tip of the inner wall of the carton. Nylon bags can be transported for up to 30 hours. It is necessary to reduce the number of stays and time during transportation. When staying, stop in a cool, ventilated place. Do not expose it to the sun. (3) The temperature of the broodstock transporting and transporting the broodstock is preferably 10-15. When the water temperature is too low, the fish body is susceptible to frostbite; if the water temperature is too high, the fish is active and easily bruised. The broodstock transport tools are mainly canvas buckets and nylon bags. The effect of a live water boat is also very good. (1) Canvas barrel transport. Suitable for short-distance transportation. Each canvas bucket can hold 400-500 kilograms of water, and can hold 1-3 kilograms of pro-carp 30--40 tails. The canvas bucket is best lined with nets to prevent bruising and easy fishing. It is even better if the canvas bucket can be oxygenated or inflated. (2) nylon bag transport. Suitable for long-distance transportation. Each nylon bag can hold 2 to 4 tails. In order to prevent the hard spines of squid from piercing the nylon bag and causing air leaks and even death, hard buckthorn can be cut off or hard burrs can be trapped with a hose. Nylon bags should be thick and strong. When carrying, move it gently and gently, and minimize fish movements.
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