Citrus pre-harvest quality management
2021-01-30 12:20:34
Citrus fruit before harvest is the late fruit enlargement period, the rate of fruit enlargement slows down, and the absolute amount of soluble solids accumulates. From the pericarp coloration to full fruit coloration, fruit organic acids such as sugar, acid, and vitamins are continuously accumulated and transformed. At this time, we must strengthen the management of nutrition and water in order to improve the quality of fruit and increase economic efficiency. First, adjust the nutrition of the tree to improve the quality of the orange fruit. 1, nitrogen fertilizer. In citrus tree nutrition, nitrogen plays an important role. The excessive nitrogen causes the skin to be rough and thick, the coat is tough but not slag, the juice is small and the taste is light, and it is prone to sunburn and floating skin, and the ripening is postponed and the quality of the fruit is reduced. 2, phosphate fertilizer. Phosphorus has a great influence on citrus yield and quality. The adequate supply of phosphorus can make the roots grow well, increase the photosynthesis and respiration of the tree, and promote the accumulation of tree nutrients; the skin is thin and glossy, and the sweet and sour is less. Phosphorus deficiency will have the opposite result. Of course, excessive phosphorus is not beneficial to the use of nitrogen, and it will also reduce the effectiveness of elements such as molybdenum, zinc, and boron in the soil. 3, potassium fertilizer. Potassium plays an important role in promoting the synthesis, transformation and transportation of carbohydrates in the tree. Adequate potassium can increase the yield and quality of orange fruit. However, when there is a lack of potassium, the fruit becomes small and sour, and the skin is thin and easily cracked. Excessive potassium will make the peel thicker, the pulp thicker, juice less slag, and coloring delayed. In short, citrus should control nitrogen nutrition before harvest, apply phosphate fertilizer, and increase potassium fertilizer. It can reduce the acidity and increase the sugar content in fruits and promote fruit ripening, especially the role of potassium is more obvious. Potassium can also increase the permeability of the cell membrane, promote the operation of sugar and flow into the fruit, thereby improving the quality of the fruit. At this time, in addition to the control of nitrogen fertilizer on the ground and the application of potash fertilizer, the leaves can be supplemented with calcium and magnesium at the same time. They can be sprayed with Kikangjin K, Green Fenwei No. 1 and No. 3, Tsui Kang Cao Bao, etc., which can increase the solid content of the fruit. Content, prevent cracking and floating skin, promote early fruit ripening. Some citrus orchards have a large amount of results, often appear old leaves yellowing in the coloring period, the Department of magnesium deficiency, should be a micro-filling the green leaf to improve the quality of leaves, reduce winter and spring leaves, increase annual output. 4, control the late autumn shoots, increase tree nutrient accumulation, promote flower bud differentiation, increase the cold resistance of orange trees. 5. Due to the influence of meteorological disasters this year, most of the oranges have poor appearance. For the variety of side-picking and pinning, in September, it can spray 1500 times liquid triacontanol 1-2 times to enhance the fruit surface coloration and finish. Second, moisture management. Water is an important ecological factor for the survival of citrus, but the demand for citrus moisture is also different in different phenophases. During fruit ripening (September-before harvesting), the soil is kept moist and promotes fruit development. However, soil moisture has a great influence on fruit quality. In order to improve the quality and storage performance, the orange should be stopped 1 month before harvest. Park water supply, in the meantime, the best surface film, to prevent rain directly into the surface. Plain orange orchard, so that the drainage of the ditch can be unblocked, and the water in the garden should be eliminated in time, and the soil should be kept relatively dry.
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