Diagnosis and Control of Chicken Infectious Anemia
Chicken infectious anemia (CIA), also known as blue-wing disease, hemorrhagic syndrome, or anemia dermatitis syndrome, is caused by the chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) and mainly invades the chicken bone marrow, thymus, bursa, and causes regeneration. Obstructive anemia and immunosuppression are the main features of a disease. One farmer raised 2,000 Hyland grey and Hyland brown layer chickens. Hailan ash began to show dead chickens at the age of 40 days. Three to five dead chickens died every day. Dead chickens all showed rotten wings. They thought they were mice. Death did not care, and later developed into more than 10 deaths each day and all showed rotten wings, so he came to see a doctor. Through the clinical symptoms, variability, laboratory diagnosis confirmed as chicken infectious anemia.
1 Clinical symptoms
The diseased chickens presented with depression, weakness, sluggishness, weight loss, loose feathers, some chicken pimple, facial skin and visible mucosal pale, most of the dead chicken wings subcutaneous bleeding, severe manifestations of skin ulceration was purple black. Feces are white dilute feces.
2 necropsy changes
The diseased chickens showed anemia, weight loss, pale and muscular leg muscles with bleeding spots and bleeding spots; mucosal bleeding in the distal part of the glands and stomach; blood thinning like water, light red color, prolonged clotting time; bone marrow color lighter, yellowish white Or pink; thymus atrophy was dark red brown, Fabric's atrophy, translucent outer wall, can see the internal folds; liver swelling, fade.
3 laboratory diagnosis
Thirty blood samples were randomly selected from the affected chickens and CIAV antibodies were detected by competitive ELISA. The chicken infectious anemia virus ELISA antibody detection kit was purchased from IDEX, USA, lot number 05538-433AU, and reference kit instructions were performed. Take CIAV antigen coated plate, add 100μl undiluted negative control serum to wells A1 and A2, add 100txl undiluted positive control serum to wells A3 and A4, and add 100μl, 10-fold diluted serum sample to the antigen-coated well. Incubate for 60 minutes at room temperature, wash 3 to 5 times with washing solution, and spin dry. 100 μl of HRPO-labeled anti-CAV antibody was added and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Wash with washing solution, spin dry, add 100 TMB substrate solution, and act for 15 minutes at room temperature. Finally 100 μl stop solution was added to stop the reaction and the OD was measured at 650 nm. Criterion: CIAV antibody was positive when S/N ≤ 0.6. Among the 30 serum samples, 28 were positive for CIAV antibody, and the positive rate was 93%.
According to clinical symptoms, necropsy changes and laboratory diagnosis confirmed chicken infectious anemia.
4 Control
There is no specific treatment for the disease. Weak and residual chickens should be eliminated. Antibiotics, vitamins, and other drugs should be added to the feed to increase the resistance of the flock to prevent secondary bacterial infections; and to strengthen feeding management and sanitation measures.
5 Discussion
Chicken infectious anemia is a disease of the immune system. The morbidity and mortality are not high. However, infections such as E.coli or Newcastle disease virus caused by the immunodeficiency of infected chickens cause great economic losses. Hyacinth was suspected to have contracted cystic disease at the age of 20 days, and Hyacinthia had no disease at the same house. The occurrence of bursal disease can lead to poor immune function in the chicks. There is a direct relationship between chickens suffering from infectious anaemia; the rotting wings of sick chickens may be related to the infection of bacteria in the wounds of spurs of chickenpox. Therefore, attention should be paid to routine management and hygiene measures to prevent secondary infections or immunosuppression caused by environmental factors or other infectious diseases, and to prevent the early infection of chicken infectious anemia. In addition, immunization of chicken anaemia attenuated vaccine or inactivated vaccine against hens within a few weeks before laying can effectively prevent the outbreak of chicken infectious anemia in their offspring, and chickens with high levels of maternal antibody against chickens Infectious anaemia has a strong resistance, but this maternal antibody can only be maintained for about 3 weeks.
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