Dryland wheat mulching and straw mulching
The dryland wheat mulching technology mainly covers the land cover film, saves water and saves water, and raises the ground temperature, so that the dryland wheat can obtain high yield and stable yield, and it can be divided into two types for the cultivation of film-mulching ridge and furrow sowing and film-mulching. Straw mulching technology is a cultivation technique that covers crops and returns them to the surface to protect water, fertility and fertility. It is applicable to the northwestern region of Huanghuai winter wheat region and northern winter wheat region, including drought-flooded wheat fields in Weibei, Shaanxi, dryland wheat in Yan'an, drylands in Shanxi Jinnan, Jindongnan, Jinxi drought, Gansu, and other provinces. Wheat field. Hebei, Shandong, and Henan can also be used for reference.
1. Dryland wheat mulching technology
Technical points: The film-growing techniques for film-mulching ridge and furrow sowing are the first ones. The second is to apply basic fertilizer. Appropriately increase fertilizer input by 10%-20%. The third is the ridge cover film. About 15 days before sowing, it was rainy and picked up after the rain. The fourth is to choose a good variety. Winter and semi-winter breeds should be selected, and semi-winter breeds can be used in the Huanghuai wheat area in the southeast, and winter varieties in the late winter winter area in the north. The fifth is suitable sowing date, broadcast volume. The sowing date can be delayed by 5-7 days compared to the local open cultivation, and the sowing rate should be appropriately reduced. Sixth, field management.
The mulching technique covers the sow cultivation technology, and the methods of site preparation, selection of varieties, sowing date, and sowing amount are the same as those for culturing with ridge cover. The difference is that the ridges are not raised, the mulching film is covered, the soil is covered with 1 cm, and then the holes are sown by mechanical holes. Each hole has 30000-40000 holes and 4-6 holes per hole.
Appropriate area: It is mainly applicable to the northwestern wheat area, mainly including dryland wheat fields in Gansu Province, Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province.
2. Straw cover technology
Technical points: Mechanical harvesting should be as high as possible, and then the straw should be crushed by a walking straw crusher and spread over the surface. Generally, 250-350 kilograms will be covered per mu, and two acres of straw will be less. After the rainy season begins, deep plowing will be carried out. The rotted wheat straw will be turned into the soil and will be harvested after harvesting. Afterwards, it will be rainy and rainy. In the implementation of wheat straw should not be covered too much too thick, so as to avoid unripe oat grass, resulting in competition with wheat for water, affecting wheat production.
Appropriate area: It is mainly applicable to the northwest and Huanghuai Haimai areas, mainly including Weibei dryland in Shaanxi Province, dryland wheat in Yan'an area, dryland wheat fields in Shanxi Jinnan, Jindongnan, Jinxi drought and Gansu, and Hebei, Shandong, Dryland wheat fields with waterless conditions in Henan and other provinces.
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