Grape post-harvest management technology
In production, some fruit growers tend to loosen the management of the grapes after fruit harvesting, resulting in poor maturation of the branches in the year and suppression of rooting in the autumn, affecting the yield and quality of grapes in the following year. Therefore, strengthening post-harvest management of grapes is critical to quality and stability in the coming year.
First, protect autumn leaves. Protecting the leaves after harvesting and enhancing the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves play an important role in increasing the storage nutrients of the tree. In the late stage of growth, pesticides used for the withdrawal of bacteriocin and sulfur are strictly controlled to prevent premature leaf aging and reduce photosynthetic intensity.
Second, pruning and clearing the garden. On the basis of doing the summer cut work, continue to do a good heart beat, remove the tendrils and thin branches, and remove the severe diseased leaves. The weeds in the garden will be cleared and the diseased shoots, diseased leaves, diseased fruits, dead branches and debris will be cut off and brought out of the park, buried deep or burned to reduce the sources of diseases and insects.
Third, post-production fertilizer is applied. After the fruit is harvested, fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to recover the photosynthesis of the later leaves and restore the tree vigor under the condition of multiple results and weak tree vigor. Apply about 12 kilograms of available nitrogen fertilizer per acre, and also spray 0.3% urea water on the surface of the leaves, spraying 2-3 times.
Fourth, early basal fertilizer. The time for applying basal fertilization is appropriate in mid-to-late September, and at the latest by mid-October, before the deciduous grapes. Basal fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizers and applied with phosphate fertilizers. Mushi organic fertilizer (farmers' manure) is 3000-5000 kg and phosphate fertilizer is 50 kg. At this time, when the peak of root growth is reached, the wound is easily healed. Combined with fertilization, ripping can cut off fine roots and play a role in root pruning. It can promote new roots in the year, and can absorb large amounts of nutrients in the soil in early spring. Lay the foundation for high yields.
V. Loose soil against drought. After picking fruit, we should timely cultivating and weeding, and at the same time we must carry out deep turning. Deep plowing should be done between September and October, when severed roots can heal quickly. Generally combined with basal fertilization for farming, plough depth of about 20 cm, shallow near the trunk, deeper outward. It can also be achieved by opening fertilization ditch. When there is a lot of rain, the sewage should be cleaned up in time. In case of autumn or winter drought, irrigation should be conducted in time to keep the field holding water no less than 60% to ensure that the soil is moist.
Six, prevention and control of pests and diseases. The main diseases of grapes are downy mildew, black pox, and rust. In August-September, the onset of downy mildew is especially serious. Rainy years are particularly serious. After the grapes are harvested, they must continue to do a good job of prevention and control of diseases. 200 times of the half Bordeaux mixture and 50% of Ketoex WP 500 can be used. The liquid is sprayed alternately with 65% zeocin zinc WP 500 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times, and sprayed every 10-15 days. If there is a lesion, it should be sprayed with 700 times liquid of retinoic acid wettable powder, 250 times of antifreeze, or 500-800 times of 50% tetrazine and 75% chlorothalonil.
Vitamin A in fresh corn also has a certain auxiliary effect on the prevention and treatment of common dry eye, bronchitis, dry skin and nerve paralysis. Fresh corn is rich in lysine (very little in dry corn), which is an essential nutrient for the human body. Studies have found that eating more fresh corn can also inhibit the side effects of anticancer drugs on the human body. The cellulose in fresh corn is more and longer, and its amount is 6 to 8 times that of polished rice and flour. Fiber can make the stool smooth, so eating corn often can prevent constipation and hemorrhoids, and can also reduce the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. At the same time, it is also beneficial for preventing rectal cancer, arteriosclerosis, and lowering cholesterol. In addition, fresh corn is a bit hard and needs to be chewed hard when eating, which can exercise the teeth and promote saliva production and strong gums.
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