Nocturnal flower cultivation and management techniques

The night-blooming flower, also known as a semi-wild vegetable, is primarily consumed for its delicate flower buds. Traditionally, it was cultivated in front of homes, but since the mid-1980s, it has been commercialized and now supplies major cities in the province as well as Hong Kong and Macao, offering excellent economic returns. Below are the detailed cultivation techniques for this unique crop. First, seedling preparation is crucial. Select mature vines that are approximately 60 cm long and cut them into sections about 8–10 cm in length. Plant these cuttings at a 45-degree angle on the soil surface, spacing them roughly 10 cm apart. Cover two-thirds of the cutting with soil and then add a layer of dry weeds on top. Water thoroughly and keep the soil moist until roots develop. Transplant the seedlings in spring once they have established strong roots. Second, soil preparation is essential for successful growth. The plant is drought-tolerant and thrives in well-drained, low-lying fields. Before planting, deeply till the soil and apply organic fertilizer as a base. Create raised beds about 30 cm high, with a spacing of 1.5 meters between rows and 70 cm between plants. Plant during spring or summer by making small holes, inserting the seedlings at an angle, covering with soil, adding dry weeds, and watering thoroughly. Third, field management involves several key steps. First, vine stretching should begin when the seedlings reach 1 meter in length. Similar to how melon vines are trained, support structures like self-made cement poles and wires can be used to guide the vines. Keep the height under 2 meters for easier harvesting. Remove excess vines, leaving only two or three per plant. Side branches above 50 cm from the ground can be retained. Winter pruning is important after the harvest season. Once the leaves fall, perform a heavy pruning to remove dead and weak vines, along with old leaves. Retain only the strongest branches and consider planting short-term crops between the rows to maximize land use. Fourth, fertilization plays a key role in enhancing yield. In early March each year, apply 25 kg of compound fertilizer mixed with 500–750 kg of farmyard manure per acre to promote early growth. Every 20–30 days, apply 15 kg of compound fertilizer or 500 kg of organic manure. Avoid using nitrogen-rich fertilizers. During dry periods, ensure adequate irrigation to encourage new growth, while in rainy seasons, focus on drainage to prevent waterlogging. Fifth, pest and disease control is critical. Common pests include crickets and scale insects, while wilt disease is a significant concern. Preventive measures include avoiding excessive nitrogen, removing dense foliage, ensuring good drainage, and weeding regularly during the rainy season. Adding lime during top dressing can help reduce disease risk. For pest control, use products such as Pest Control, Anti-Caries 23, Farmland Music, etc., to manage flea infestations. For scale insects, apply 40% Leko emulsion. To control fusarium wilt, use fungicides and promptly remove any infected plants. Burn the diseased plants and treat the surrounding soil with quicklime before replanting after one month. Finally, harvesting occurs from early April through mid-October. The flowers form umbrella-like clusters of small blossoms, which bloom light yellow and emit a strong fragrance, especially at night. After blooming, the flowers quickly deteriorate, losing their commercial value. Harvest when 40–50% of the flowers have opened, typically once a day. Immediately sell the harvested flowers, and remove any open blooms to maintain quality. On average, the crop yields 1250–1750 kg per mu, generating around 7,000–8,000 yuan per mu, making it a highly profitable agricultural option.

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