Scientific and reasonable lawn fertilization

Fertilization is a very important measure in turf maintenance management. Along with pruning and irrigation, it is called the three basic management measures of turf. Reasonable fertilization can provide necessary nutrition for turfgrass, maintain the normal color, density and vitality of the lawn, and is not susceptible to diseases, insects, weeds; enhance resistance (such as drought, disease resistance, etc.). Therefore, to understand the basic principle of rational fertilization on the lawn, to grasp the correct fertilization time and the amount of fertilization, scientific and effective fertilization is very important for turf maintenance.

Lawn fertilization principle

Nutrient balance only applied nitrogen fertilizer is not enough for turfgrass growth. Only the proper proportion of nutrients, ie, the balance between nutrients, can make the lawn get the best nutrition, and the lawn can grow robustly. It is very important to meet the requirements of the lawn for various nutrients as much as possible, unless a certain nutrient is particularly abundant in the soil of the ping bed, otherwise one or two nutrient elements will not be applied singly. This is to meet the total growth of the plant. It is the need for a certain percentage of various nutrients.

Fertilization on demand determines specific types and amounts of fertilization according to different turfgrass species, growth conditions and soil conditions to avoid unnecessary losses due to blind fertilization. In the fertilization maintenance of lawns, the supply and demand of nutrients is the basis for judging whether the lawn needs fertilization and the types of fertilizers required. Judging the supply and demand of nutrients in turfgrass through plant nutrient diagnosis or soil testing, it can effectively carry out fertilizer maneuvers.

A small amount of multiple, slow-effect fertilizer more effective nitrogen fertilizer application follow a small number of multiple principles, the purpose is to improve the efficiency of fertilizer use and to avoid excessive fertilizer in the short term. The lawn cannot tolerate high concentrations of available nitrogen in the soil because the roots of the lawn are very sensitive to nitrogen and can easily be burned. Too much available nitrogen can cause turfgrass to prosper on the ground. The results not only increase the requirement for pruning, but also lead to an excessively long lawn that is resistant to trampling and susceptible to diseases. In practice, some stable slow-effect fertilizers should be applied.

Rational fertilization

The fertilization period, application amount, and application frequency not only depend on the soil type, soil nutrient status, fertilizer supply performance, but also on the type and use of the lawn.

Correct and Reasonable Diagnosis of Nutrient Supply Status In the fertilization and maintenance of lawns, the supply and demand of nutrients is the basis for judging whether the lawn needs fertilizer and the type of fertilizer needed. The nutritional status of turfgrass can be determined through plant nutrient diagnosis and tissue determination. Soil fertility can be determined through soil testing. Combining the two can determine the nutrient supply and demand status of turfgrass and guide scientific and effective fertilization.

Soil diagnosis is widely used in production practice. It is impossible to accurately perform fertilizer application without understanding the soil fertility supply status. Usually, the diagnosis of soil fertility must be carried out under the following conditions: 1 Before the lawn is established; 2 The turf appears obvious symptoms of lack of fertilizer, such as slow growth, chlorosis, and increase of weeds; 3 For mature turf every 3-4 years A soil physical and chemical properties were measured to fully understand the soil properties and timely and effective resolution of various problems.

Different turf type fertilization time The cold-season turfgrass begins to grow quickly after returning from dormancy in spring, gradually slows down in hot summer, descends in autumn, and turfgrass starts to grow rapidly, but the degree of growth is less than that in spring. . Therefore, the most important requirements for the cold-season turfgrass are early spring, late summer and late autumn. In the past, when formulating fertilization plans, people advocated the reapplication of nitrogen fertilizer in spring, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer in midsummer, and a moderate amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the autumn. As a result, the quality of turf was extremely poor in summer. The latest research proposes a more reasonable plan for nitrogen fertilizer application, ie applying light nitrogen fertilizer in the spring and reusing nitrogen fertilizer in the fall, and applying a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the summer when only chlorosis occurs in the lawn (especially suitable for applying the aforementioned slow-release fertilizer). In the past, re-application of nitrogen fertilizer, due to excessive growth of turfgrass and consumption of large amounts of carbohydrates, so that turfgrass did not have enough nutrient reserves in the midsummer adversity. The basis for reusing autumn fertilizers now is that the optimum growth temperature of the cool-season turfgrass root system is lower than that of the above-ground part, and the fall of the turfgrass grows slowly during the fall, and the above-ground part of the turfgrass grows during late autumn. Since the soil temperature is also suitable The roots grow, and the soil temperature decreases at a slower rate than the temperature decreases, so the roots can still grow normally for a period of time. At this time, the applied fertilizer can promote the growth of roots and function for the second year, so the re-application of nitrogen fertilizer in autumn is now It is widely used by many lawn fertilization plans.

Warm-season turfgrass is generally dormant during the winter months and loses chlorophyll to a yellow color. Photosynthesis stops and carbohydrates cannot be synthesized. With the increase of temperature in spring, the warm-season turfgrass recovers slowly from dormancy, the highest growth rate in the midsummer, and fall in the fall, the warm-season turfgrass turns to dormancy again. Therefore, the warm season turfgrass needs the highest amount of fertilizer in summer, the most important fertilization time is the late spring, the second fertilization is arranged in the midsummer, and the autumn fertilization is also necessary for the overheating of the warm season turf. In some areas, the warm-season turfgrass does not sleep during the winter. The above-mentioned balanced fertilization is also applicable to warm-season turfgrass. It neither allows the turfgrass to lack green due to lack of fertilizer, nor can it cause excessive growth due to over-application of nitrogen. In areas other than the tropics, warm-season turfgrasses have a slow period of growth, although not completely dormant, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced accordingly.

A reasonable fertilization plan is based on a thorough understanding of the relationship between supply and demand of turf on nutrients, and the types, traits, and methods of use of fertilizers. There is no fixed fertilization plan for any piece of lawn to choose from. The basic principles and recommendations for fertilization mentioned above can be used as references for turfgrass managers. Turf managers need to use their actual conditions to find the fertilization plan that best suits their situation.

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