Artificial cultivating technology of seawater lobster
2018-06-12 19:00:34
Seawater lobsters are widely distributed in Guangdong, Taiwan and Fujian Provinces on the southeast coast of China. In particular, Chinese lobsters account for more than 90% of the total lobster production in Fujian. The largest number of lobsters are the lobsters of Fairview and Auchan Nanlai in Pingtan County, Fujian Province. The fishermen of the village and Happiness Yangcun once had aquaculture and achieved initial success.
Sea lobsters are large in size, delicious in taste, and extremely rich in nutrients. They are regarded as the king of shrimp and have various values ​​for viewing, eating, and medicinal purposes. The export of famous gems and new seafood products in the domestic and foreign markets is in short supply.
I. Basic conditions for cultivation Seawater has a perennial specific gravity of 1.018 to 1.023, a pH value of 8.0, a water temperature of 18°C ​​to 32°C, a seawater transparency of 8 metres or more, no pollution source around the coastal zone, and an average depth of 2 metres or more in the aquaculture pond. Drainage twice, the bottom of the pool is a gravel bottom and there are natural stone reef gaps and artificial caves. Net cages are set up outside the pool as a preparation for temporary support.
Second, seedlings of seedlings rely mainly on the acquisition of natural sea crayfish in the local area, a body weight of 50 grams to 120 grams. These crayfish are often trapped in the crevices of rocks and reefs, and are generally difficult to catch on fishing gear. According to the habitat, ecological characteristics, and local climatic conditions of the lobster, fishermen can use various fishing gear and fishing methods in accordance with local conditions. They catch during the beginning of summer and the next summer, and the spring equinox In the rainy season, it is booming.
Third, the seedling size speculation due to the uneven size of the natural seed, it caused severe killing between seedlings. Before the seedlings can be divided into two types of intensive and holding by different specifications. Such as a weight of 150 grams of seed can be invested in the intensive care of the pool; temporarily raised mainly to a weight of more than 150 grams of seed into the cage to invest in breeding culture, round robin, followed by listing.
Fourth, scientific management
1. Artificial shrimp caves Chinese lobsters, which are generally raised in indoor pools, have cavitation habits. Therefore, "sputums" should be set up in pools - mostly made up of stones and slate. Both ends of the cave must be connected. It will not only benefit the lobsters, but also reduce the fighting. In order to keep the water quality fresh, it is better to adopt the water-feeding method, that is, the upper water inlet and the bottom water outlet, and the valve is used to control the flow of water. Clear the pool once every 7 days to 15 days. Dry the pool water, and the lobsters may crawl at the bottom of the pool or crawl slowly. The lobsters do not have to be moved out of the pond during the clearing, and the dirt accumulated on the surface of the lobsters may be rinsed with a rubber tube.
2. Feeding bait lobster mostly foraging at night, occasionally feeding during the day, the bait is mainly low-value shellfish, or fed frozen mixed fish and shrimp artificial bait, the principle is a small amount of meals, adhere to the "four set" The principle is qualitative, quantitative, fixed-point and timing. The total amount of feeding should be sufficient to prevent the seedlings from interfering with food due to insufficient food. However, we must also pay attention to some fresh bait so as to avoid hulling and reduce the survival rate. Feed once a day, preferably in the afternoon, and stop for two days in a day. The daily feed amount is 5% to 12% of the weight of the lobster. The lobster has a pair of hard big claws, which can crush the shells by themselves. Therefore, it is better to feed fresh live food and have less impact on the water quality. If the food residue is found to be cleared in time, it will not pollute the water quality and cause death of oxygen-dead shrimp. .
3. Stimulation of shelling According to the observation of cultivation, Chinese lobsters are shelled once or three times per year in artificial breeding ponds. Crayfish are husked more often than large lobsters. Usually a lobster weighing less than 200 grams hulls twice or three times per year. , Each weighing more than 300 grams of shelling 1 or 2 times a year, each weighing more than 300 grams of shelling 1 to 2 times a year, each shelling cycle, a weight gain of 50% to 80%. According to the characteristics of lobster shelling a weight gain, chemical and physical methods can be used to stimulate and feed with a variety of bait rotation, is very effective in promoting lobster shelling, both to shorten the shelling cycle, but also increase the number of shelling. The lobster is dried in the shade for 12 hours to 24 hours, and then put into the sea water to normal activities. When the shelling is disturbed, the lobster can be temporarily stopped, and the shelling process can be successfully completed in a standby manner. If some or all of the appendages and the tail fan break off, they can all be recovered through the hulling activity and the individuals are also growing. Mastering the ecological characteristics of lobster can continuously shorten the shelling cycle, stimulate shelling times, increase the survival rate, and increase the lobster aquaculture production.
Fifth, the development time Lobster in the natural sea area into a product specifications about 4 to 5 years, under artificially enhanced feeding conditions, just 2 years can reach the product specifications. Although the number of larvae that hatch in the natural environment is considerable, most of them are not adapted to environmental changes and have been eliminated. They have become bait for other marine animals, and the number of larvae that can actually grow into lobsters is extremely low. Therefore, it is recommended that artificial breeding measures be taken, which can not only greatly increase the survival rate, but also be beneficial to the proliferation of lobster resources.
Sea lobsters are large in size, delicious in taste, and extremely rich in nutrients. They are regarded as the king of shrimp and have various values ​​for viewing, eating, and medicinal purposes. The export of famous gems and new seafood products in the domestic and foreign markets is in short supply.
I. Basic conditions for cultivation Seawater has a perennial specific gravity of 1.018 to 1.023, a pH value of 8.0, a water temperature of 18°C ​​to 32°C, a seawater transparency of 8 metres or more, no pollution source around the coastal zone, and an average depth of 2 metres or more in the aquaculture pond. Drainage twice, the bottom of the pool is a gravel bottom and there are natural stone reef gaps and artificial caves. Net cages are set up outside the pool as a preparation for temporary support.
Second, seedlings of seedlings rely mainly on the acquisition of natural sea crayfish in the local area, a body weight of 50 grams to 120 grams. These crayfish are often trapped in the crevices of rocks and reefs, and are generally difficult to catch on fishing gear. According to the habitat, ecological characteristics, and local climatic conditions of the lobster, fishermen can use various fishing gear and fishing methods in accordance with local conditions. They catch during the beginning of summer and the next summer, and the spring equinox In the rainy season, it is booming.
Third, the seedling size speculation due to the uneven size of the natural seed, it caused severe killing between seedlings. Before the seedlings can be divided into two types of intensive and holding by different specifications. Such as a weight of 150 grams of seed can be invested in the intensive care of the pool; temporarily raised mainly to a weight of more than 150 grams of seed into the cage to invest in breeding culture, round robin, followed by listing.
Fourth, scientific management
1. Artificial shrimp caves Chinese lobsters, which are generally raised in indoor pools, have cavitation habits. Therefore, "sputums" should be set up in pools - mostly made up of stones and slate. Both ends of the cave must be connected. It will not only benefit the lobsters, but also reduce the fighting. In order to keep the water quality fresh, it is better to adopt the water-feeding method, that is, the upper water inlet and the bottom water outlet, and the valve is used to control the flow of water. Clear the pool once every 7 days to 15 days. Dry the pool water, and the lobsters may crawl at the bottom of the pool or crawl slowly. The lobsters do not have to be moved out of the pond during the clearing, and the dirt accumulated on the surface of the lobsters may be rinsed with a rubber tube.
2. Feeding bait lobster mostly foraging at night, occasionally feeding during the day, the bait is mainly low-value shellfish, or fed frozen mixed fish and shrimp artificial bait, the principle is a small amount of meals, adhere to the "four set" The principle is qualitative, quantitative, fixed-point and timing. The total amount of feeding should be sufficient to prevent the seedlings from interfering with food due to insufficient food. However, we must also pay attention to some fresh bait so as to avoid hulling and reduce the survival rate. Feed once a day, preferably in the afternoon, and stop for two days in a day. The daily feed amount is 5% to 12% of the weight of the lobster. The lobster has a pair of hard big claws, which can crush the shells by themselves. Therefore, it is better to feed fresh live food and have less impact on the water quality. If the food residue is found to be cleared in time, it will not pollute the water quality and cause death of oxygen-dead shrimp. .
3. Stimulation of shelling According to the observation of cultivation, Chinese lobsters are shelled once or three times per year in artificial breeding ponds. Crayfish are husked more often than large lobsters. Usually a lobster weighing less than 200 grams hulls twice or three times per year. , Each weighing more than 300 grams of shelling 1 or 2 times a year, each weighing more than 300 grams of shelling 1 to 2 times a year, each shelling cycle, a weight gain of 50% to 80%. According to the characteristics of lobster shelling a weight gain, chemical and physical methods can be used to stimulate and feed with a variety of bait rotation, is very effective in promoting lobster shelling, both to shorten the shelling cycle, but also increase the number of shelling. The lobster is dried in the shade for 12 hours to 24 hours, and then put into the sea water to normal activities. When the shelling is disturbed, the lobster can be temporarily stopped, and the shelling process can be successfully completed in a standby manner. If some or all of the appendages and the tail fan break off, they can all be recovered through the hulling activity and the individuals are also growing. Mastering the ecological characteristics of lobster can continuously shorten the shelling cycle, stimulate shelling times, increase the survival rate, and increase the lobster aquaculture production.
Fifth, the development time Lobster in the natural sea area into a product specifications about 4 to 5 years, under artificially enhanced feeding conditions, just 2 years can reach the product specifications. Although the number of larvae that hatch in the natural environment is considerable, most of them are not adapted to environmental changes and have been eliminated. They have become bait for other marine animals, and the number of larvae that can actually grow into lobsters is extremely low. Therefore, it is recommended that artificial breeding measures be taken, which can not only greatly increase the survival rate, but also be beneficial to the proliferation of lobster resources.
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