Bitter gourd grafting cultivation techniques
2019-10-28 15:03:47
I. Grafting seedling cultivation
1. Seedling raising methods Rootstocks are made from seedlings using nutritious mortars, and the scion adopts pure soil seedlings to prevent infection by soil-borne diseases. Bitter gourd seeds soaked with 75% thiophanate-methyl 800 times for 12 hours, then immersed in clean water for 16 hours, and dried, buried in sand for 2 days for germination; sterilized nutrients with quintozene for every 1,000 kg of nutrients Soil plus 1 kilogram of 40% pentachloronitrobenzene mix well, spread the nutrient soil on a seedbed, spread it with water, and sow the seeds of the bitter melons in the nutritious soil.
2. The grafting time is 17 to 20 days after the rootstock is sown. The cotyledons are 5 to 6 cm from the ground and the diameter is 2.0 to 2.5 mm.
3, grafting methods Mitre connection method and splicing method can be. Take the miter connection as an example, first cut 30 into 2/3, and depth 0.3-0.4 cm below the vertical plane 0.5 to 0.6 cm below the cotyledons of the anvils, and select the strong scion from the large side of the cotyledon 1 cm up 30 into 2/3, deep 0.3 to 0.4 cm. The two incisions are aligned and fixed with a graft clip.
4, after grafting management generally 9 to 10 days after marriage, is the wound healing period. 1Temperature: It is controlled at 25°C～30°C during the day and about 20°C at night. 2 Humidity: Keep it above 95%. The nutrients shall be drained tightly in the greenhouse and poured with water once. The shading shall be sealed with a small arch, plastic film and shade net. The first 5 to 6 days are not ventilated. After 7 days, in the conditions of high temperature and humidity, early morning or evening ventilation: 1 or 2 times a day. After gradually opening the plastic film to increase the amount of ventilation and time, but it must remain high. The humidity of the air is sprayed with water 1 to 2 times a day at noon. 3 light: shading after grafting. After grafting for 3 to 4 days, it is necessary to block all shades. Afterwards, the cover is gradually opened in the morning and evening, and the cover is gradually removed as the wound heals.
5, management after healing will be grafted grafted seedlings will not survive, as a live seedlings, difficult to distinguish between a time, can be placed in a better condition, over time, the slow growth of seedlings will gradually catch up with big seedlings, remove false artificial seedlings.
II. Colonization of bitter gourd grafted seedlings
1. Apply basal fertilizer with 4,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 80 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, and deeply pour the soil.
2. Seedling grafted seedlings survived after 8 days, completely survived after 12 days. Live seedlings should be selected when planting, and the planting specifications are the row spacing (110-120) (70-80) cm, 700-800 plants per mu. The interface of grafted seedlings should be more than 3 cm above the ground in order to prevent the interface from regenerating new roots.
3, pay attention to insulation using plastic film coverage method.
Third, field management
1. Apply fertilizer to thin-phase fertilizers in the early stage, apply sufficient fertilizer in the middle period, and water in a timely manner.
2, when the pumping vines in time to take the bracket, artificial vines, auxiliary shelves. Properly cut out the fine lateral branches, dense yellow leaves and leggy shoots to facilitate ventilation.
1. Seedling raising methods Rootstocks are made from seedlings using nutritious mortars, and the scion adopts pure soil seedlings to prevent infection by soil-borne diseases. Bitter gourd seeds soaked with 75% thiophanate-methyl 800 times for 12 hours, then immersed in clean water for 16 hours, and dried, buried in sand for 2 days for germination; sterilized nutrients with quintozene for every 1,000 kg of nutrients Soil plus 1 kilogram of 40% pentachloronitrobenzene mix well, spread the nutrient soil on a seedbed, spread it with water, and sow the seeds of the bitter melons in the nutritious soil.
2. The grafting time is 17 to 20 days after the rootstock is sown. The cotyledons are 5 to 6 cm from the ground and the diameter is 2.0 to 2.5 mm.
3, grafting methods Mitre connection method and splicing method can be. Take the miter connection as an example, first cut 30 into 2/3, and depth 0.3-0.4 cm below the vertical plane 0.5 to 0.6 cm below the cotyledons of the anvils, and select the strong scion from the large side of the cotyledon 1 cm up 30 into 2/3, deep 0.3 to 0.4 cm. The two incisions are aligned and fixed with a graft clip.
4, after grafting management generally 9 to 10 days after marriage, is the wound healing period. 1Temperature: It is controlled at 25°C～30°C during the day and about 20°C at night. 2 Humidity: Keep it above 95%. The nutrients shall be drained tightly in the greenhouse and poured with water once. The shading shall be sealed with a small arch, plastic film and shade net. The first 5 to 6 days are not ventilated. After 7 days, in the conditions of high temperature and humidity, early morning or evening ventilation: 1 or 2 times a day. After gradually opening the plastic film to increase the amount of ventilation and time, but it must remain high. The humidity of the air is sprayed with water 1 to 2 times a day at noon. 3 light: shading after grafting. After grafting for 3 to 4 days, it is necessary to block all shades. Afterwards, the cover is gradually opened in the morning and evening, and the cover is gradually removed as the wound heals.
5, management after healing will be grafted grafted seedlings will not survive, as a live seedlings, difficult to distinguish between a time, can be placed in a better condition, over time, the slow growth of seedlings will gradually catch up with big seedlings, remove false artificial seedlings.
II. Colonization of bitter gourd grafted seedlings
1. Apply basal fertilizer with 4,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 80 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, and deeply pour the soil.
2. Seedling grafted seedlings survived after 8 days, completely survived after 12 days. Live seedlings should be selected when planting, and the planting specifications are the row spacing (110-120) (70-80) cm, 700-800 plants per mu. The interface of grafted seedlings should be more than 3 cm above the ground in order to prevent the interface from regenerating new roots.
3, pay attention to insulation using plastic film coverage method.
Third, field management
1. Apply fertilizer to thin-phase fertilizers in the early stage, apply sufficient fertilizer in the middle period, and water in a timely manner.
2, when the pumping vines in time to take the bracket, artificial vines, auxiliary shelves. Properly cut out the fine lateral branches, dense yellow leaves and leggy shoots to facilitate ventilation.
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