Flammulina Bag-type Two-fruit Cultivation Technique
2019-11-23 09:03:03
Flammulina velutipes is a kind of valuable edible fungus, it is crisp, tender, nutritious and widely grown in China. Because it is a low-temperature mushroom, it is suitable for cultivation in northern regions. Flammulina bag cultivation is the use of plastic bags as cultivation containers, the old method is a fruiting planting, can not make full use of space, low output. Both methods have high yield, good efficiency, and low cost. Bag cultivation includes loading, germination and mushrooming. The process of sterilizing bag material is usually called bacterial bag culture. The key to the needle mushroom bag cultivation is bag culture, including mixing, bagging, sterilizing, inoculating and culturing.
Different quality plastic bags are used according to different sterilization methods. Such as high-pressure steam sterilization using high temperature and high pressure polypropylene plastic. Atmospheric pressure steam sterilization can use low pressure polyethylene plastic. The bag barrel is 17 cm wide and 35 cm long. The proportion of commonly used formulations of culture materials: cottonseed husks 89%, bran 10%, gypsum or calcium carbonate 1%. The ratio of material to water is 1:1.4 to 1.5. After stirring, reach the hands and knead into groups. Corncob cultivation material formula: corncob 73%, bran 25%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%, material and water ratio of 1:1.4 to 1.5. The culture medium packed in the bag is generally 300 to 500 g. The material bag is placed in a steamer and the water temperature is heated to 100° C. After 8 to 10 hours, sterilization requirements can be achieved. Use a sterile bag to inoculate bacteria.
Cultivation of Mushrooms is the same as planting crops. Good bacteria have a strong vitality and can inhibit the growth of bacteria. Inoculate the alcohol lamp and sterilize the original species or cultivars with the sterilized scorpion. In the aseptic zone where the ignited alcohol lamp is lit, open the two ends of the bag and insert the original species or cultivar respectively. The rope is tied to the mouth and the whole process is to be handled under aseptic conditions. Flammulina velutipes does not have a lot of oxygen during its growth stage, and it usually adopts a closed culturing culture.
The suitable temperature for mycelial growth is 23 to 25°C. Generally, the temperature in the bag is about 2°C higher than room temperature, and the temperature in the culture room cannot be lower than 2°C. The construction of a mushroom or semi-subterranean mushroom house is conducive to maintaining proper temperature and humidity. In the open space behind the house in front of the house in rural areas, a high-rise, sunny, and low-groundwater place is selected to build a mushroom house. The ditch has a width of 4 meters and a depth of 2 meters. The ceiling is covered with plastic cloth and crop stalks. It is located on the middle sidewalk of the ditch and surrounded by vents to regulate ventilation, ventilation and temperature. Three rows of bed frames were placed in the trench, and the bed frame was 4 meters wide and 2 meters high. The bed frame is laid with bamboo rafts in 5 layers and the distance between the layers is 40 cm. Each layer can be stacked horizontally with 4 layers of bags. The bed frame must be disinfected before use.
Gully mushroom house is made of soil and the soil is a poor conductor of heat, which is conducive to keeping the temperature of the mushroom house constant, soil or water a good carrier, and is conducive to maintaining the humidity of the mushroom house. Trench mushroom room darker, is conducive to maintain white mushroom body. Before use mushroom house to be disinfected, commonly used disinfectants are stone carbonic acid, Lysol and bleaching powder. The temperature of mushroom house during the germination stage should be maintained at 23°C～25°C, and warming measures should be taken in winter. The relative humidity is maintained at about 60%, and the temperature is too high to be prone to germs. The regular ventilation helps to grow mycelia.
10-15 days after inoculation, the mycelium growth was small and the amount of respiration was small. Oxygen in the bag could meet the need. When the mycelium of the material bag grows and grows to about 5 cm, the metabolic activity is strengthened, and the oxygen demand increases. At this time, the bag should be opened at both ends to increase ventilation and promote mycelial growth. In order to make the bacteria even, every 10 days or so, replace the bacteria bags in the upper and lower layers of the bed frame and inside and outside, and open the bag mouth when the mycelium is over the material bag to facilitate mushrooming.
The mycelium grows from spores, and it begins to grow in size after it has grown for 30 days. It takes about 2 months from the inoculation to the mushroom body. Into the mushroom structure, the temperature should be reduced to 10 °C ~ 12 °C, low temperature on the beneficial mushrooms. The relative humidity is 60%. When the humidity is not enough, you can spray water on the ground, but do not spray on the mushrooms to prevent rotten mushrooms. During the fruiting stage, good ventilation, air permeability, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration should be controlled. If the management is not good, abnormal growth of mushroom body will appear abnormal mushrooms. For example, some canopies are very small, people call it needle mushroom, which is caused by high concentration of carbon dioxide; if the ventilation is too strong, too long a cap does not meet the requirements of the mushroom. The color of the mushroom body is good, the stipe grows to more than 10 cm, and the diameter of the cap can reach 1 cm to harvest. When you harvest, hold the bag in one hand, gently grasp the mushroom and unplug it, and put it gently into the basket. The mushrooms that have just been harvested are cut off to the base of the stipe, and placed on a dark place where the temperature is low for storage and transportation. You can also put fresh mushrooms in an aluminum pot to boil, salt storage
Different quality plastic bags are used according to different sterilization methods. Such as high-pressure steam sterilization using high temperature and high pressure polypropylene plastic. Atmospheric pressure steam sterilization can use low pressure polyethylene plastic. The bag barrel is 17 cm wide and 35 cm long. The proportion of commonly used formulations of culture materials: cottonseed husks 89%, bran 10%, gypsum or calcium carbonate 1%. The ratio of material to water is 1:1.4 to 1.5. After stirring, reach the hands and knead into groups. Corncob cultivation material formula: corncob 73%, bran 25%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%, material and water ratio of 1:1.4 to 1.5. The culture medium packed in the bag is generally 300 to 500 g. The material bag is placed in a steamer and the water temperature is heated to 100° C. After 8 to 10 hours, sterilization requirements can be achieved. Use a sterile bag to inoculate bacteria.
Cultivation of Mushrooms is the same as planting crops. Good bacteria have a strong vitality and can inhibit the growth of bacteria. Inoculate the alcohol lamp and sterilize the original species or cultivars with the sterilized scorpion. In the aseptic zone where the ignited alcohol lamp is lit, open the two ends of the bag and insert the original species or cultivar respectively. The rope is tied to the mouth and the whole process is to be handled under aseptic conditions. Flammulina velutipes does not have a lot of oxygen during its growth stage, and it usually adopts a closed culturing culture.
The suitable temperature for mycelial growth is 23 to 25°C. Generally, the temperature in the bag is about 2°C higher than room temperature, and the temperature in the culture room cannot be lower than 2°C. The construction of a mushroom or semi-subterranean mushroom house is conducive to maintaining proper temperature and humidity. In the open space behind the house in front of the house in rural areas, a high-rise, sunny, and low-groundwater place is selected to build a mushroom house. The ditch has a width of 4 meters and a depth of 2 meters. The ceiling is covered with plastic cloth and crop stalks. It is located on the middle sidewalk of the ditch and surrounded by vents to regulate ventilation, ventilation and temperature. Three rows of bed frames were placed in the trench, and the bed frame was 4 meters wide and 2 meters high. The bed frame is laid with bamboo rafts in 5 layers and the distance between the layers is 40 cm. Each layer can be stacked horizontally with 4 layers of bags. The bed frame must be disinfected before use.
Gully mushroom house is made of soil and the soil is a poor conductor of heat, which is conducive to keeping the temperature of the mushroom house constant, soil or water a good carrier, and is conducive to maintaining the humidity of the mushroom house. Trench mushroom room darker, is conducive to maintain white mushroom body. Before use mushroom house to be disinfected, commonly used disinfectants are stone carbonic acid, Lysol and bleaching powder. The temperature of mushroom house during the germination stage should be maintained at 23°C～25°C, and warming measures should be taken in winter. The relative humidity is maintained at about 60%, and the temperature is too high to be prone to germs. The regular ventilation helps to grow mycelia.
10-15 days after inoculation, the mycelium growth was small and the amount of respiration was small. Oxygen in the bag could meet the need. When the mycelium of the material bag grows and grows to about 5 cm, the metabolic activity is strengthened, and the oxygen demand increases. At this time, the bag should be opened at both ends to increase ventilation and promote mycelial growth. In order to make the bacteria even, every 10 days or so, replace the bacteria bags in the upper and lower layers of the bed frame and inside and outside, and open the bag mouth when the mycelium is over the material bag to facilitate mushrooming.
The mycelium grows from spores, and it begins to grow in size after it has grown for 30 days. It takes about 2 months from the inoculation to the mushroom body. Into the mushroom structure, the temperature should be reduced to 10 °C ~ 12 °C, low temperature on the beneficial mushrooms. The relative humidity is 60%. When the humidity is not enough, you can spray water on the ground, but do not spray on the mushrooms to prevent rotten mushrooms. During the fruiting stage, good ventilation, air permeability, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration should be controlled. If the management is not good, abnormal growth of mushroom body will appear abnormal mushrooms. For example, some canopies are very small, people call it needle mushroom, which is caused by high concentration of carbon dioxide; if the ventilation is too strong, too long a cap does not meet the requirements of the mushroom. The color of the mushroom body is good, the stipe grows to more than 10 cm, and the diameter of the cap can reach 1 cm to harvest. When you harvest, hold the bag in one hand, gently grasp the mushroom and unplug it, and put it gently into the basket. The mushrooms that have just been harvested are cut off to the base of the stipe, and placed on a dark place where the temperature is low for storage and transportation. You can also put fresh mushrooms in an aluminum pot to boil, salt storage
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