Intensive Pig Production Process (4)

Third, the different production stages of feeding and management points 1. Breeding and management of species of boar points. (1) In intensive pig farms, compound feeds for male boars require digestive energy of 12.5 to 13 MJ per kilogram of feed, 18% of protein, 0.83% of calcium, and 0.66% of phosphorus. (2) The nutritional status of the boar must always be observed so that it will remain muscular, energetic and sexually active throughout the year. If you find that you are too fat or too thin, you must immediately adjust the diet and reduce or increase the amount of feed. (3) It is required to check the quality of boar semen once every two months to ensure the breeding effect of boars and improve the conception rate. (4) 1 to 2 year old young boars can be assigned 1 to 2 times a week; 2 to 5 year old boars can be assigned 1 to 2 times a day for 2 to 3 days per week; using artificial insemination The young boar can collect sperm for 4 days a week, 1 or 2 times a day, and then rest. (5) Do a good job of breeding records as a basis for evaluating boar and production performance appraisal. 2. Empty and pregnant sows management points. (1) Empty pregnant sows contain 11.7 MJ of digestive energy, 13% of crude protein, 0.3% of calcium, and 0.5% of phosphorus per kilogram of feed. Weaker or over-fat sows should be appropriately increased or reduced the amount of feed, and to ensure the regular supply of clean drinking water. (2) For vacant and gilded sows, the estrus should be checked once a day in the early morning and on a stop-and-night basis; special attention should be paid to the sows that have been bred in the 18 to 24 and 38 to 44 days after mating. Once estrus and regrowth sows are found, they should strive for timely breeding. (3) The estrus sow is required to be bred twice during the estrus duration. The first breeding starts in the sow for 14 to 16 hours, and after 24 hours, the second breeding is performed. (4) In an empty sow house, you must try each time on the morning and afternoon with the trial boar, so that you can not only find a sow, but also stimulate the estrus. 3. Management points for litter and lactating sows. (1) Sows were transferred to the delivery room 1 week before delivery. Before the sows are transferred into the delivery room, the equipment for each ring must be inspected and repaired, and each ring must be thoroughly cleaned, rinsed, and carefully disinfected. (2) Before the sow is to enter the farrowing house, the sow shall be thoroughly cleaned and sprayed with the appropriate disinfectant. After being scrubbed and sanitized, it is allowed to enter the delivery room. Before the sow comes into production, it is necessary to wash the vulva, breast and abdomen of the sow again with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. (3) After the sow enters the delivery room, the amount of feed is gradually reduced. Feed 2 kg per day for 5 days before delivery, and feed 1.5 kg per day for 2 days before delivery. Feeding is not done on the day of childbirth, and the amount of feed is gradually increased after delivery. It takes about 7 days after delivery to be fed according to the lactation requirements. Feeding sows during lactation is based on no residue and is usually not restricted. The lactation sow's diet should contain more than 13 MJ of digestive energy, 16% of crude protein, 0.9% of calcium, and 0.7% of phosphorus, and at the same time ensure sufficient supply of drinking water. The amount of feed should be increased or decreased according to the sow's sensation, appetite, the number of babies, and the different stages of the lactation period. Since the feeding amount of each sow in the delivery room is different, it is better to put a feed amount brand in front of each bed, add the feed according to the amount of feed on the brand, and adjust it at any time. (4) According to the expected date of each sow, observe the dynamics of the sows at any time and prepare for the production. (5) After the piglet is born, wipe the mucus out of the mouth and nose with a towel and dry it. To prevent piglets from biting into the sow's nipple during suckling, use side-cut pliers to flatten the canine teeth of the newborn piglet. At the same time, in order to prevent pigs from growing up and biting their tails to affect their growth and development, the tail was cut off with a side clamp and then sterilized with 5% iodine. (6) The sows who entered the maternity shed in the same batch have a shorter date of farrowing. In order to make all litters grow in a consistent manner and facilitate all-in and full-out, proper fostering can be carried out. However, the foster piglets must eat the mother's colostrum, and piglets that do not eat colostrum should not be fostered. (7) In order to prevent iron-deficiency anemia in suckling pigs, intramuscular injection of iron dextran can be given within 3 days of the birth of the piglet and once again at weaning. (8) If individual sows are found to have little or no postpartum milk, oxytocin may be injected in time to stimulate sow lactation. (9) When weaned pigs are weaned at 35 days, they should accurately weigh the weaned piglet and record it. 4. Piglet management points. (1) After suckling piglets were weaned on the 28th or 35th day, they were transferred to nursery houses, fed on the Internet for about 5 weeks, and weighed 15 to 25 kg. (2) Before the nursery piglets are transferred to the breeding house, all equipments in the nursery house shall be overhauled, and then all the nursery columns shall be cleaned and disinfected, and the aged materials in the feed tank shall be completely removed and cleaned. After everything is ready, it is allowed to transfer to the new herd. (3) Nursery houses should always be kept dry and clean, cool in winter and cool in summer, and have fresh air. (4) After weaning piglets are weaned, feed from the original feeding pigs is fed to the piglets and should gradually transition until 7 to 10 days before they are fully fed. (5) In order to prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets, feed intake must be controlled within 1 to 2 weeks after weaning. It is generally the first week after weaning, which causes loss of appetite, decreases in feed intake, adaptation after a few days, and compensatory overeating in the second week, often causing indigestion and diarrhea. In the management work, we must pay attention to the dyspepticism of piglets from the stage of loss of appetite to appetite. (6) The feed in the nursery is to be kept clean, to prevent mildew, less to feed Tim, and the leftovers should be regularly removed. 5. Feeding and management points of big pigs. (1) After the previous batch of pigs are slaughtered, the empty circle shall be thoroughly cleaned, rinsed, and sterilized, preferably from the empty circle to the pigs at intervals of one week. (2) Weaning piglets are weighed when they are transferred and grouped according to body weight, sex and breed to facilitate management and development. (3) In the early stage of breeding, the digestive function of the pig has not yet been fully developed. Feeding too much feed can easily cause diarrhea and affect weight gain. Therefore, in the first 7 to 10 days of the transfer, in addition to the amount of feed must be controlled, the type of compound feed should also be gradually replaced. When the finishing pigs grow to about 60 kg in weight, they are gradually fed to the pigs. (4) When loading pigs in Zhongda pigs, 3 to 4 empty circles should be intentionally set aside so that sick and weak pigs appearing in the entire finishing period can be gradually transferred out for centralized feeding and treatment.

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