Soil testing and formula fertilization technology for wheat
First, why should we conduct soil testing and formula fertilization?
Soil testing and formula fertilization is: firstly, the soil nutrient content is tested to understand the nutrient content of the field, and on this basis, according to the total fertilizer requirement for achieving the target yield of wheat, the fertilizer requirement and fertilizer effect at different growth stages, it is reasonable. On the basis of the application of the organic fertilizer, the application amount of the fertilizer, the application period and the application method are proposed.
1. According to the yield and fertilizer demand, the yield of wheat needs to be absorbed from the soil. The yield of 1000 kg and the yield of 600 kg, the nutrients that wheat needs to absorb are different, and the input is of course different. This is based on the target yield of wheat, and the fertilizer we apply can achieve the expected yield without wasting.
2. Fertilize according to the law of wheat fertilizer
The amount of fertilizer needed for different growth stages of winter wheat is different. The nutrient is absorbed more during the tillering stage before winter, and the nutrient is absorbed less when wintering. After returning to green, it needs to absorb a large amount of nutrients. The jointing to flowering stage is the peak period of winter wheat absorption nutrients. Specific to each element, the amount required for each growth period is also different.
Second, fertilization technology
1. Applying the base fertilizer: “Maixi is rich in the fetusâ€. The application method and dosage are appropriate, which can effectively exert the fertilizer effect, so that the seedlings in early winter are divided into early roots, early roots, cultivate strong seedlings, improve the cold resistance of wheat, and fight for high yield. Good foundation. The application of the base fertilizer has two aspects: one is the application of organic fertilizer, and the other is the application of the formula fertilizer on the basis of the application of the organic fertilizer.
(1) Application of organic fertilizer
Function: The effect on the soil: It can increase the soil organic matter content. The organic matter can fertilize the soil, activate the soil, increase the soil's effectiveness, and enhance the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water.
Dosage: It is applied to the soil of the soil, such as soil and fertilizer, and it is usually applied in combination with ploughing and planting before planting.
(2) Wheat requires a large amount of fertilizer in the tillering stage before winter. Therefore, based on the application of organic fertilizer, some formula fertilizers should be applied. According to our tests on soil nutrients and field fertilizer tests, it is recommended to apply high. Nitrogen "18-15-12", "18-17-10" formula fertilizer, about 40 kg per mu. If it is no-till sowing, apply 50 kg per mu. If there is no organic fertilizer, the application formula is 80 kg.
When applied, it is best to use it as a kind of fertilizer. One is to save labor and the other is to concentrate fertilizer and increase fertilizer efficiency.
2. Topdressing: Advocate two top dressings.
(1) Rejuvenation and jointing fertilizer: Fertilization principle: Spring tillering of wheat in the regreening period begins to occur. The management principle of this period is to consolidate the big dip in winter and control the ineffectiveness in spring to maintain the stable development of the group. According to the situation of the seedlings, if the application of the bottom fertilizer is insufficient, the difference between the winter and the winter is promoted, and the combination of spring irrigation and fertilization in the greening period is advocated. On the contrary, the wheat has many tillers, the seedlings are good and the growth is strong, and should be applied late, generally after the period of getting up, to prevent wheat. In the early stage, the growth was too strong, and the later period was reduced. During this period, 100 kg of ammonium hydrogen or 30 kg of urea can be applied, and the surface is applied in combination with watering. If conditions permit, implement it.
(2) After the second season of topdressing, after flowering, about 20 kg of urea can be applied per mu. Due to operational difficulties, the surface is applied.
3. Application of foliar fertilizer: In the late growth stage of wheat, the root absorption capacity is weakened, and foliar fertilization is more effective at this time. The variety and concentration of the sprayed fertilizer are determined by the specific conditions of wheat growth and climate. If there is yellowish leaf color, premature aging, and 1%-2% urea solution can be sprayed on the surface. When wheat is deficient in phosphorus, root development is inhibited, the lower leaves are dark and dull, and the leaves are spotless. When the phosphorus is severely deficient, the leaves are purple and the photosynthesis is weakened. When the potassium is deficient in the wheat, the growth of the plants is delayed, the stems become short and fragile and easy to fall, and the leaves are dried up in advance, and the wheat fields lacking phosphorus or potassium deficiency can be used in micro-pods. A 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed.
4. Application of micro-fertilizer: For trace elements such as zinc and boron, the amount of wheat used is small, but it plays an important and irreplaceable role in the growth of wheat. Zinc supplementation, generally about 4 kg of zinc sulphate per mu, mixed with base fertilizer, can be applied in wheat seedling stage or jointing stage, with 0.2% zinc sulphate solution, 50 liters per mu; boron fertilizer can be Apply 1 lb of borax to the acre.
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Carnitine, or trans. carnitine, is an amino acid, a quaternary ammonium cationic complex, which can be biosynthesized from both lysine and methionine and is involved in the metabolism of fat into energy in the body. Carnitine has two stereoisomerism: L-Carnitine, which is biologically active, and D-carnitine, which is non-biologically active. L-carnitine (L-carnitine) is an amino acid widely distributed in the liver, especially in myocardium and skeletal muscle. Most of the carnitine required by the body comes from meat and dairy products in the diet. [1]
Carnitine is an amino acid widely distributed in the liver, especially in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. Most of the carnitine components required by the body come from meat and dairy products in the diet. In addition, the body itself can synthesize part of methionine as raw material, and the body needs Vitamin C, iron, B6 and niacin as auxiliary factors of various enzymes in the reaction when biosynthesizing carnitine. L-carnitine is widely present in the body, especially in mitochondria. The concentration of L-carnitine was highest in the adrenal gland, followed by the heart, bone, muscle, adipose tissue and liver. Free L-carnitine is excreted in the urine. Plant-based foods contain less l-carnitine (in some cases none), as well as less lysine and methionine, the two essential amino acids that make carnitine. The l-carnitine content in animal food is high, especially in liver. Foods rich in L-carnitine include yeast, milk, liver, meat and other animal foods. Humans and most animals can also meet their physiological needs through synthesis within their bodies. L-carnitine is not deficient under normal conditions.
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