Sweet potato black shank disease
Symptoms mainly damage the surface of the tuber. The primary light brown spots, after the expansion of the dark brown near-circular to irregular large spots, when the humidity is high, the disease Department has a gray layer of mildew, disease severity hardening of the disease, resulting in micro cracks. The diseased potato is susceptible to water loss and gradually shrinks, affecting quality and food value. China's sweet potato production areas have occurred.
Pathogen Monilochaetes infuscans Ell.et Halst.ex Harter is called Trichoderma spp. The mycelium that was produced early was colorless and later turned black. Conidiophores do not branch, base slightly expanded, with a diaphragm, length 40-175um, conidia stems continue to produce conidia. Conidiophore cells, colorless or slightly colored, round to oblong, size 12–204–7 (μm).
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions Germs mainly live on diseased potato stalks, on potato vines, or in soil. When the seedlings were cultivated in Hunchun, the seedlings were affected, and conidia later invaded the tubers. The bacteria can directly invade from the epidermis, the onset temperature limit of 6-32 °C, the temperature is higher than its incidence. In summer and autumn, it is rainy or soil heavy, low-lying or poor drainage, and heavy on saline-alkali land.
Control methods (1) Use disease-free seed potatoes to cultivate disease-free seedlings. (2) Implement rotation. (3) If necessary, use sorghum or ridge planting. Drain the water immediately after the rain to prevent moisture from staying.
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