The development of technology
2018-06-08 13:01:03
I. Farming site conditions:
1. Water sources: The rivers and lakes are the main areas in the plains, and the streams and springs are the main areas in the mountains. It is better to have groundwater to facilitate the extraction of deep well water. The water consumption of the farm is very large, so the amount of water must be sufficient. Generally, the amount of water required for growing 1kg of edible quail is about 25m3. Therefore, it is based on the design. The suitable water quality is PH value 7-8, transparency more than 20cm, DO more than 5mg/l, no industrial sewage hazard.
2. Power supply: The farm needs sufficient power, and aerators with a power of 1 kilowatt per acre are generally required. A breeding farm with an annual output of 100 tons of edible alfalfa needs at least one 150-kilovolt transformer, and it must ensure that there is no blackout year-round.
3. Others: The soil quality of the construction site is the best in loam, the topography is flat, and the climate is warm. If the thermal drainage of the thermal power plant or the hot spring water can be used, the benefits are more obvious. In addition, it is required that the land and water transportation is convenient for the transportation of feed and merchandise.
Second, raising turtle pond design:
Currently, there are two kinds of open-pit hydrothermal-type and waste-heat-type water-flow systems in China. The main points for building a pond are as follows:
1. Open-air hydroponic ponds: use natural water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater as the water source. The pool is low in cost and consumes less electricity. However, the output is low, and the average yield per mu is only 1-2T. This is currently the major in China. Farming methods, the general market size is 50 acres of water. The ponds are reared according to the different specifications of the carp, usually divided into one, two, three, and four types of pots. The pool shape is usually round or elliptical, and the injection and drainage ports are opposite to each other, and the anti-escape facilities are set, and a food shed is set up on the side of the pool facing the sun.
2. Warm-water cultivating pool: It is required that the water temperature should be controlled at about 27°C, which is the optimum temperature for larvae growth, and it should be cultured with flowing water. Its advantages are less disease, rapid growth, and high yield. It is a relatively advanced breeding method.
Third, aquaculture technology:
1. Cultivation of edible quail is a process in which pods with a body weight of about 20 g are bred to develop a 150 g weight. Farming methods can be divided into monopoly, polyculture and collocation. The key lies in feed feeding, water quality management and disease control.
2. Feeding of the food requires qualitative, positioning, quantitative, and timing.
3, water quality management should focus on water quality training and control to waterproof change. The normal water quality of the rearing pond is tender green, the transparency is about 20cm, the DO requires more than 5mg/l, and the PH value is 7.5-8.5. At this time, the alfalfa is eating well and grows rapidly.
Fourth, feed:
1. Fresh feed: The commonly used fresh feed for raising cockroaches is silkworm cockroach, beautiful cockroach, sword water cockroach, chironomid larvae, river cockroach, yellow cockroach, snail, small fish, shrimp and animal viscera. it is good.
2. Compound Feed: Compound feeds should be prepared according to the nutritional requirements of different growth stages in different proportions. Because of its advantages of complete nutrition, convenient storage and economic benefits, it is an ideal feed for the development of cockroach farming.
Fifth, disease prevention and control:
1. Diseases caused by parasites:
1, the anchor head lice: anchor head mistletoe in the mouth of the squid, the jaw has a bleeding point so that the squid to eat difficult, the onset of the main season in the summer when the high water temperature. Control methods: 0.5ppm crystal trichlorfon disinfection pool water before stocking prevention, after the onset can be spilled 0.2-0.6ppm crystal trichlorfon, spilled once every 7-10 days, continuous application 3-4 times.
2. Bipolaris: Bipolar parasites cause spots in the corpus callosum. Onset season 4-6 months. At present there is no good way to clear the pond with lime immediately before stocking, killing the bipolar spores, or using 0.5% crystal trichlorfon Quanchiposa treatment.
3, trichodiasis: trichomonas parasitic carp carp and body surface, seedlings to Chengyu will occur. Control methods: 0.5% copper sulfate and 0.2% ferrous sulfate mixture can be used to kill the whole pool, or in the division of nutrients with a one-thousandth potassium permanganate solution bath 15-20 minutes.
4. Insect nematode disease: caused by parasitic nematodes parasitized in cockroaches, the parasitism rate of blood stasis above 100g is high. There is no effective treatment for this disease. Generally, the use of 90% crystal trichlorfon 0.2-0.4ppm across the pool will have a certain effect on controlling the epidemic of the disease.
2, bacteria caused fish disease:
1. Red fin disease: Diseases caused by gas-producing monocytogenes and coliform bacteria. The disease is frequently diagnosed from year to year. It can occur from seedlings to clams. Control methods: can be used furan, sulfa drugs bait, can also be used 5-10ppm furazolidone or 1-3ppm of methylene blue Quanchiposa.
2, gill disease: caused by columnar granulococcosis infection, 50-100g squid prone to the disease, prevention methods with the same disease.
3, diseases caused by mold parasitism:
Saprolegnia: caused by parasitism of water fungus, the incidence rate is high when the water temperature is 15-20°C. The prevention method is to disinfect the disease seedlings with 1ppm methylene blue or disinfect with 0.7% saline, and use 1-2ppm methylene blue in time after onset. Quanchiposa is effective.
4, other viruses:
Kidney disease: The cause is unknown. The onset season is usually between October and March. The mortality rate is high. After onset, 1-5% saline bath can be effective. There are many other diseases, such as fin disease, enteritis disease, ascites disease, and small melon worm disease.
1. Water sources: The rivers and lakes are the main areas in the plains, and the streams and springs are the main areas in the mountains. It is better to have groundwater to facilitate the extraction of deep well water. The water consumption of the farm is very large, so the amount of water must be sufficient. Generally, the amount of water required for growing 1kg of edible quail is about 25m3. Therefore, it is based on the design. The suitable water quality is PH value 7-8, transparency more than 20cm, DO more than 5mg/l, no industrial sewage hazard.
2. Power supply: The farm needs sufficient power, and aerators with a power of 1 kilowatt per acre are generally required. A breeding farm with an annual output of 100 tons of edible alfalfa needs at least one 150-kilovolt transformer, and it must ensure that there is no blackout year-round.
3. Others: The soil quality of the construction site is the best in loam, the topography is flat, and the climate is warm. If the thermal drainage of the thermal power plant or the hot spring water can be used, the benefits are more obvious. In addition, it is required that the land and water transportation is convenient for the transportation of feed and merchandise.
Second, raising turtle pond design:
Currently, there are two kinds of open-pit hydrothermal-type and waste-heat-type water-flow systems in China. The main points for building a pond are as follows:
1. Open-air hydroponic ponds: use natural water such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater as the water source. The pool is low in cost and consumes less electricity. However, the output is low, and the average yield per mu is only 1-2T. This is currently the major in China. Farming methods, the general market size is 50 acres of water. The ponds are reared according to the different specifications of the carp, usually divided into one, two, three, and four types of pots. The pool shape is usually round or elliptical, and the injection and drainage ports are opposite to each other, and the anti-escape facilities are set, and a food shed is set up on the side of the pool facing the sun.
2. Warm-water cultivating pool: It is required that the water temperature should be controlled at about 27°C, which is the optimum temperature for larvae growth, and it should be cultured with flowing water. Its advantages are less disease, rapid growth, and high yield. It is a relatively advanced breeding method.
Third, aquaculture technology:
1. Cultivation of edible quail is a process in which pods with a body weight of about 20 g are bred to develop a 150 g weight. Farming methods can be divided into monopoly, polyculture and collocation. The key lies in feed feeding, water quality management and disease control.
2. Feeding of the food requires qualitative, positioning, quantitative, and timing.
3, water quality management should focus on water quality training and control to waterproof change. The normal water quality of the rearing pond is tender green, the transparency is about 20cm, the DO requires more than 5mg/l, and the PH value is 7.5-8.5. At this time, the alfalfa is eating well and grows rapidly.
Fourth, feed:
1. Fresh feed: The commonly used fresh feed for raising cockroaches is silkworm cockroach, beautiful cockroach, sword water cockroach, chironomid larvae, river cockroach, yellow cockroach, snail, small fish, shrimp and animal viscera. it is good.
2. Compound Feed: Compound feeds should be prepared according to the nutritional requirements of different growth stages in different proportions. Because of its advantages of complete nutrition, convenient storage and economic benefits, it is an ideal feed for the development of cockroach farming.
Fifth, disease prevention and control:
1. Diseases caused by parasites:
1, the anchor head lice: anchor head mistletoe in the mouth of the squid, the jaw has a bleeding point so that the squid to eat difficult, the onset of the main season in the summer when the high water temperature. Control methods: 0.5ppm crystal trichlorfon disinfection pool water before stocking prevention, after the onset can be spilled 0.2-0.6ppm crystal trichlorfon, spilled once every 7-10 days, continuous application 3-4 times.
2. Bipolaris: Bipolar parasites cause spots in the corpus callosum. Onset season 4-6 months. At present there is no good way to clear the pond with lime immediately before stocking, killing the bipolar spores, or using 0.5% crystal trichlorfon Quanchiposa treatment.
3, trichodiasis: trichomonas parasitic carp carp and body surface, seedlings to Chengyu will occur. Control methods: 0.5% copper sulfate and 0.2% ferrous sulfate mixture can be used to kill the whole pool, or in the division of nutrients with a one-thousandth potassium permanganate solution bath 15-20 minutes.
4. Insect nematode disease: caused by parasitic nematodes parasitized in cockroaches, the parasitism rate of blood stasis above 100g is high. There is no effective treatment for this disease. Generally, the use of 90% crystal trichlorfon 0.2-0.4ppm across the pool will have a certain effect on controlling the epidemic of the disease.
2, bacteria caused fish disease:
1. Red fin disease: Diseases caused by gas-producing monocytogenes and coliform bacteria. The disease is frequently diagnosed from year to year. It can occur from seedlings to clams. Control methods: can be used furan, sulfa drugs bait, can also be used 5-10ppm furazolidone or 1-3ppm of methylene blue Quanchiposa.
2, gill disease: caused by columnar granulococcosis infection, 50-100g squid prone to the disease, prevention methods with the same disease.
3, diseases caused by mold parasitism:
Saprolegnia: caused by parasitism of water fungus, the incidence rate is high when the water temperature is 15-20°C. The prevention method is to disinfect the disease seedlings with 1ppm methylene blue or disinfect with 0.7% saline, and use 1-2ppm methylene blue in time after onset. Quanchiposa is effective.
4, other viruses:
Kidney disease: The cause is unknown. The onset season is usually between October and March. The mortality rate is high. After onset, 1-5% saline bath can be effective. There are many other diseases, such as fin disease, enteritis disease, ascites disease, and small melon worm disease.
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