Countermeasures for Crop Management after Drought and Flood Crisis
2021-04-27 11:02:56
At present, heavy rain falls in some parts of the province, and droughts and floods in some areas have turned sharply. Combined with the growth of early rice in our province and the growth of mid-season rice seedlings, special measures were put forward for rice management.
First, due to field conditions, timely drainage and stain reduction.
Increase investment in farm machinery, rush out of farmland, dredge field trenches, and strive to reduce the impact of flooding. Do a good job of clearing and dredging the Sangou ditch in the rice field and eliminate the water in the field in time. When paddy fields are drained, it should be noted that in the period of high temperature and intense weather, it is necessary to gradually reduce the row, retain the appropriate water layer, so that rice seedlings gradually restore their vitality; in the rainy days, the water can be drained once, which is conducive to the recovery of seedlings.
Second, as a result of seedling measures, strengthen the management of the affected fields.
1, grab the early rice. At present, early rice has entered the stage of young panicle differentiation, which is the critical period for water demand. All localities must promptly show seedling washing. For rice that has been flooded over a long period of time and has been flooded for a long time, the mud on the leaves must be washed in time after the water level drops to restore the normal photosynthetic function of the leaves and to promote the plant to restore growth. We should make full use of existing water sources to promote wet irrigation technology, namely the "shallow-wet-dew" irrigation method, so that scientific water use and water conservation can be achieved. For the early rice fields at the booting stage, the classification of the seedlings in different types of plots should be followed to see if the seedlings are fertilized, especially for weak seedlings and late seedlings, in order to ensure balanced growth of large areas. To timely application of panicle fertilizer. According to the situation of the seedlings per acre topdressing grain fertilizer urea 3 ~ 5 kg, potassium 2 ~ 4 kg. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate out of the roots during flag leaf extraction and grain filling, using 75-100 g/mu, watering 50 kg, spraying 1~2 times; The seed setting rate and grain weight of rice. The current weather is extremely conducive to the occurrence of migratory insect pests. The humidity in the field is also increased, and diseases are also favored. All localities must pay close attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases such as rice planthoppers, rice leaf roller and rice blast. Can be used Jinggangmycin and other agents to control sheath blight 1 to 2 times, 3 to 5 days before the break, with propiconazole, fenproconazole (Ai Miao) to prevent rice smut, at the same time, due to the timely prevention of three generations of three Pests, rice leaf roller, rice planthoppers and other pests.
2, grab the middle rice. Due to the large elasticity and long growth period of middle age rice, there is still a few days of suitable planting period for the entire province, and in the disaster year, Fuyang and other places can be planted until the end of June, ensuring that the planting area still has time to catch. For the middle paddy fields where the whole crop cannot be transplanted and transplanted in the early stage because of drought, it is necessary to provide a wide range of water sources, rob water, and plant crops, and plant them as soon as possible. Before the transplanting, the goats will be given a marrying drug and a marrying manure, and the medium rice seedlings will be well organized. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water and the control of pests and diseases in rice that has been inserted into middle rice. According to the growing situation of the seedlings, fertilizer materials should be properly followed up; and the important rice planthoppers and rice thrips should be controlled.
3, bred late rice. At present, it is necessary to focus on catching and breeding good night rice. Late rice breeding in our province takes place in mid-to-late June. At present, Huanggang, Jingzhou and other places have begun to cultivate the whole field. This year's early rice planting due to drought caused longer time, which may affect the transplanting of late rice. On the one hand, it is necessary to strive to increase the area of ​​late rice by compensating for the early rice shortage in early rice. On the other hand, farmers can use the backward growth period to prepare for planting fertilizer and timely planting.
Third, according to current conditions, do a good job replanting.
To timely replant "early turn late". For drowned mid-season rice and late-season paddy fields, timely plowing and ploughing of the whole field should be adopted. Early and mid-maturing early-season rice varieties should be used to implement autumn planting. Can adopt no-tillage live, strengthen fertilizer and water management and chemical weeding, spraying paclobutrazol at the time of three-leaf clover, cultivating early-onset strong seedlings, and establishing good seedlings.
At the same time, we must choose the right variety, do a good job changing. In case of flooding and crops that cannot be replanted during the replanting season, the appropriate type of dryland crops can be changed to drought and a variety of crops will be collected. The varieties of autumn grains such as corn, mung bean, red buckwheat, buckwheat, etc., or vegetable varieties such as radish can be used to change the crop.
First, due to field conditions, timely drainage and stain reduction.
Increase investment in farm machinery, rush out of farmland, dredge field trenches, and strive to reduce the impact of flooding. Do a good job of clearing and dredging the Sangou ditch in the rice field and eliminate the water in the field in time. When paddy fields are drained, it should be noted that in the period of high temperature and intense weather, it is necessary to gradually reduce the row, retain the appropriate water layer, so that rice seedlings gradually restore their vitality; in the rainy days, the water can be drained once, which is conducive to the recovery of seedlings.
Second, as a result of seedling measures, strengthen the management of the affected fields.
1, grab the early rice. At present, early rice has entered the stage of young panicle differentiation, which is the critical period for water demand. All localities must promptly show seedling washing. For rice that has been flooded over a long period of time and has been flooded for a long time, the mud on the leaves must be washed in time after the water level drops to restore the normal photosynthetic function of the leaves and to promote the plant to restore growth. We should make full use of existing water sources to promote wet irrigation technology, namely the "shallow-wet-dew" irrigation method, so that scientific water use and water conservation can be achieved. For the early rice fields at the booting stage, the classification of the seedlings in different types of plots should be followed to see if the seedlings are fertilized, especially for weak seedlings and late seedlings, in order to ensure balanced growth of large areas. To timely application of panicle fertilizer. According to the situation of the seedlings per acre topdressing grain fertilizer urea 3 ~ 5 kg, potassium 2 ~ 4 kg. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate out of the roots during flag leaf extraction and grain filling, using 75-100 g/mu, watering 50 kg, spraying 1~2 times; The seed setting rate and grain weight of rice. The current weather is extremely conducive to the occurrence of migratory insect pests. The humidity in the field is also increased, and diseases are also favored. All localities must pay close attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases such as rice planthoppers, rice leaf roller and rice blast. Can be used Jinggangmycin and other agents to control sheath blight 1 to 2 times, 3 to 5 days before the break, with propiconazole, fenproconazole (Ai Miao) to prevent rice smut, at the same time, due to the timely prevention of three generations of three Pests, rice leaf roller, rice planthoppers and other pests.
2, grab the middle rice. Due to the large elasticity and long growth period of middle age rice, there is still a few days of suitable planting period for the entire province, and in the disaster year, Fuyang and other places can be planted until the end of June, ensuring that the planting area still has time to catch. For the middle paddy fields where the whole crop cannot be transplanted and transplanted in the early stage because of drought, it is necessary to provide a wide range of water sources, rob water, and plant crops, and plant them as soon as possible. Before the transplanting, the goats will be given a marrying drug and a marrying manure, and the medium rice seedlings will be well organized. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water and the control of pests and diseases in rice that has been inserted into middle rice. According to the growing situation of the seedlings, fertilizer materials should be properly followed up; and the important rice planthoppers and rice thrips should be controlled.
3, bred late rice. At present, it is necessary to focus on catching and breeding good night rice. Late rice breeding in our province takes place in mid-to-late June. At present, Huanggang, Jingzhou and other places have begun to cultivate the whole field. This year's early rice planting due to drought caused longer time, which may affect the transplanting of late rice. On the one hand, it is necessary to strive to increase the area of ​​late rice by compensating for the early rice shortage in early rice. On the other hand, farmers can use the backward growth period to prepare for planting fertilizer and timely planting.
Third, according to current conditions, do a good job replanting.
To timely replant "early turn late". For drowned mid-season rice and late-season paddy fields, timely plowing and ploughing of the whole field should be adopted. Early and mid-maturing early-season rice varieties should be used to implement autumn planting. Can adopt no-tillage live, strengthen fertilizer and water management and chemical weeding, spraying paclobutrazol at the time of three-leaf clover, cultivating early-onset strong seedlings, and establishing good seedlings.
At the same time, we must choose the right variety, do a good job changing. In case of flooding and crops that cannot be replanted during the replanting season, the appropriate type of dryland crops can be changed to drought and a variety of crops will be collected. The varieties of autumn grains such as corn, mung bean, red buckwheat, buckwheat, etc., or vegetable varieties such as radish can be used to change the crop.
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