Pear fruit bagging technology

Editor's Note: Fruit bagging can effectively reduce cracking and mechanical damage, improve the color of the fruit surface, greatly improve the commercial quality of the fruit, can also prevent pests and diseases, reduce the amount of pesticides, and reduce pesticide residues. In the last issue, we introduced the peach and kiwi bagging technology. This issue introduces pear and grape bagging technology. We hope to help fruit growers increase the value of their fruits and increase their income.

Pear fruit bagging should use special fruit bags with appropriate specifications and good quality. The quality fruit bag has the following conditions: suitable size of the fruit bag; good paper strength and toughness; strong waterproof performance, light outside, to reduce sunburn; inner bag should have slow-release antimicrobial coating or treated by medicament; fruit bag It is composed of bag mouth, tying wire, bag body, bag bottom, and vent hole for ventilation. Pears are suitable for inside and outside black ash double bags or single bags. In recent years, studies and reports have reported that film + paper bags (breathable films for inner bags and yellow paper bags for outer bags) can combine the advantages of paper bags and plastic bags, significantly reduce fruit rust, and have the best appearance quality of fruits, which can significantly increase the content of soluble solids. Peel the brown yellow, southern Hunan and other varieties with a single layer of fruit bags (lower prices) easier to promote. Peel is yellow, green crest, fortunate water, the new century and other varieties due to more fruit rust, in order to set the outer paper inner plastic bags, especially the inner bag is the best red.

When bagging, first open the bag mouth and hold the bottom of the bag so that the vent openings on the two bottom corners open to allow the bag body to swell. Put the fruit 2 to 3 centimeters under the mouth of the bag and fold the bag from the middle to the sides in the manner of a folding fan. Turn the strapping reversal 90 around the mouth of the bag and tighten the bag so that the bag hangs on the table. The fruit is suspended in the bag to prevent the bag wall from rubbing the fruit surface. Bagging requires upper and lower parts, left and right inside and outside to be evenly distributed. Sensitive green husks such as New Century, Cuiguan, Xueqing, Xizi Green, and Jin 20th Century, etc., can also be set in a white pouch (10cm 7.5cm) 20 days after the Xiehua, 30 days after the Xiehua. Outside the pouch, double fruit bags (or pouches) are removed. The fruit is rust-free and translucent. It is called "Crystal Pear."

Pear fruit before bagging do two things: spray fruit spray pesticide

Under the condition of normal pollination of pears, the seed setting rate is high. Too many fruits must be removed before bagging pear fruits. Otherwise, the results are too nutritious and inconclusive, the fruits are small, the fruit rate is low, and the flower buds are consumed due to excessive nutrient consumption. Poor differentiation results in a decline in yields in the following year. Generally, the yield per plant (2000 kg for early-maturing varieties and 2,500 kg for middle-maturing varieties) can be determined according to the tree age of the fruit trees, and the number of results is converted, leaving an additional 10% to 20%. Safety factor for fruit thinning. The earlier the thinning and fruit thinning, the more nutrition is saved. The actual application should be based on the degree of robustness of the tree, the pollination conditions, whether the climate is normal and how much labor is determined. When the trees are robust, there are enough pollinating trees and the weather is clear, the time spent on flowering is as early as possible, and thinning can be started during the inflorescence separation period. First inflorescence as a unit to stay sparsely sparse, weak and strong, about 15 to 20 cm left an inflorescence, to be flowering, each flower inflorescence retained 2 to 3 flower, and the rest removed. The flower buds are left behind to leave the receptacle, leaving the base leaves and growing points. Fruit thinning starts about 2 weeks after flowering and is completed within one month. Generally, one fruit per inflorescence is left.

Before bagging, one or two insecticidal and bactericidal blends must be sprayed. It is best not to spray emulsion pesticides. In particular, agents containing copper ions or oil emulsions must not be sprayed. Mancozebs should preferably not be used year after year to avoid fruit formation. Rust, powder or water can be used. After spraying, dry it and complete the bagging within 5 to 7 days. If the time is prolonged or the rain falls after spraying, re-apply.

Pear fruit bag management after stress: increase fertilizer cooling insect pest

The shading of fruit bagging is not conducive to the accumulation of content such as sugar and acid. In order to improve the endoplasm of the fruit, special attention should be paid to the application of strong fruit fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer should account for about 40% of the whole year. During the fertilization period, after the shoots stopped growing, organic fertilizers were mainly used to reduce the proportion of nitrogen fertilizers, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added to supplement calcium, magnesium, boron and other trace elements. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 10:5:10 throughout the year. The amino acid nutrient solution was sprayed several times on the leaves during fruit growth and development, which had a good effect on improving photosynthesis and improving fruit quality.

If there are continuous high temperature and high humidity weather, measures should be taken to reduce the temperature and humidity. The cultivation of grass or ground in a pear orchard can effectively improve the ecological environment and reduce the occurrence of rusty fruit.

During the bagging period, attention should be paid to pest control to protect the leaves and prevent secondary flowering. Pear long-term bagging easily induced Tenebrio molitor, Cornell mealybugs, pear hibiscus and other hi wet, like the shade of the bag of pests. The control strategy of Tenebrio molitor is mainly to clear the rough old skin by clearing the garden in winter, spray Liribar 50 to 80 times before germination (bud enlargement), eliminate the overwintering eggs, and reduce the population of insects. Pre-spraying should be detailed before bagging, and pharmacological agents can be used to pour bufalin, scorpion net, anti-influenza, etc. Insecticides are sprayed every 10 to 15 days before early June. The effective pesticides are 35% of Sadan, 1500 times, 10% of Imidacloprid, 3000 times, and 50% of Kang Suwei, 1,500 times. These can be used together with Topushin and Dupont. Fuxing and other mixed use. When the danger is serious, bagging should be stopped for 1 to 2 years.

Pruning during growth period can reduce nutrient consumption, improve the lighting condition of the crown, and improve fruit quality. The specific method is to pick up the long shoots for the long shoots, and leave the shoots for 20 centimeters repeatedly. From May to June, sparse branches, competing branches, cross branches and leggy branches were removed. From June to July, flatten or take the branches on the back of the azimuth.

Timely bag removal in batches

Pear fruit bagging can effectively prevent contamination of pests and pesticides, make the fruit surface clean, in particular, reduce the rust spot, fruit spot smaller, can effectively prevent fruit cracking and loss of water browning, the appropriate extension of the storage period.

Most varieties combined with harvested once removed bags, colored varieties can be removed in advance according to the situation 5 to 7 days bag drying fruit. On sunny days, bags are removed from the noon high temperature period and should be carried out at 8 to 11 o'clock in the morning and 3 to 6 o'clock in the afternoon. After the pears have been bagged, the maturation period has been postponed and can be harvested in stages according to market demand and labor force.

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