Nutrient measures to stimulate reproductive potential of breeding pigs

1. Nutritional measures for reserve pigs. The nutritional status of reserve pigs directly affects the sexual maturation of boars and sows. If long-term use of fattening pig feeds containing vitamins A, E, B1, folic acid and low biotin, the gonadal development of reserve pigs will be inhibited. Late sexual maturity, reproductive potential can not be effective. In production, special reserve pig feed should be prepared, requiring crude protein 14% to 16%, lysine 0.6% to 0.7%, calcium 0.9%, phosphorus 0.6%, 1200 units of vitamin A per kilogram of feed, 10 units of vitamin E , 1 mg vitamin B1, 0.5 mg folic acid, 0.09 mg biotin. In order to prevent body fat from being fattened, the reserve breeding pigs are allowed to feed freely in the early period of feeding, and the rearing season should be appropriately limited. Feed intake should be approximately 80% of normal. 2. Nutritional measures for boars. The protein content of the boar's diet should reach 12%, too low, insufficient nutrition, too high, and it is prone to waste. Insufficient minerals in the diet will result in a significant decrease in semen quality, resulting in dead spermatozoa or incompletely developed, weakly viable sperm, severely affecting the conception rate. The ratio of calcium, phosphorus, and salt in boar diets of 1.5:1:1 is the best, which means that the diet should contain 0.75% of calcium, 0.5% of phosphorus, and 0.5% of salt. Vitamins A and E affect the boar's sexual reflexes and semen quality. During the breeding period, 4100 units of vitamin A and 11 mg of vitamin E should be contained in each kg of boar's diet. Regular feeding of boars should be quantified. Don't feed too much for each meal. Do not feed a large amount of roughage to prevent the formation of "grass-bellied" affecting breeding. 3 empty sows nutrition measures. For empty sows, reference can be made to the boar feed formula. The green and succulent feed is rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. Feeding 4 to 5 kilograms of succulent feed or 5 to 10 kilograms of green feed each day has a good effect on increasing the number of ovulated eggs and improving the quality of eggs. Tests have shown that sows injected with 200 mg of β-carotene or 50,000 units of vitamin A palmitate at the time of weaning, on the day of mating and within 7 days of mating, can significantly increase the survival rate of newborn piglets; The addition of 0.2 grams of chromium will increase the total number of litter size and surviving piglets by 20%. Empty boar sows should be appropriate, over-fat should be limited feeding, too thin should be short-term excellent feeding, improve nutrition levels 10 to 14 days before mating. Sows are kept at 70% and 80% ovulation, and they have a large number of ovulations, most likely to stimulate reproductive potential. 4. Nutritional measures for pregnant sows. The protein in the diet of pregnant sows should reach 14%, but the sow should not immediately raise the nutritional level after mating, and the high level of the early pregnancy can make the survival rate of the embryo drop by 5%, among which 1-3 days after the breeding is particularly important. Supplementing folic acid in sow diets has a significant effect on litter size and survival of newborn piglets, especially when folic acid is low in feeds. According to experiments, supplementing 1 gram of folic acid per ton diet will increase sows’ total litter size and number of surviving pups by 9%. Soybean flavone can increase fecundity. Pregnant sows add 5 mg of daidzein per kilogram of feed and postpartum lactation can increase by more than 10%. Sows have a strong appetite during pregnancy, but if they are fed in excess, they often cause a decrease in feed intake during lactation. Therefore, do not allow sows to overfeed during pregnancy. 5. Nutritional measures for lactating sows. The dietary protein requirement for sows during lactation is 14%. Sufficient lysine in the diet of lactating sows can reduce sow weight loss, improve piglet survival and litter weight, and have poor appetite in the first and second parity sows. The lysine content in the diet should be 1.2%. ~1.3%, after each parity is 0.95%, the ratio of valine to lysine should reach 1:1.28. During the hot season, adding 2% to 3% of fat or fat powder to the nursing sow's feed can improve feed palatability, increase sow feed intake, and ensure that the sow's intake of sufficient energy to meet the needs of lactation. The body condition of sows at the time of mating has a lot to do with feeding during lactation. Excessive body weight loss during sow-feeding will lead to delayed or irritated estrus and reduced fertility, especially for primiparous sows. Therefore, after one week of delivery, lactating sows should be allowed to feed freely, and during the entire lactation period, an adequate supply of food should be guaranteed.

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