Three-dimensional nesting and efficient technology of reservoir cages

In order to advance the industrialization of fish farming and breeding, we initiated an ecological breeding experiment and technical demonstration for cage-raised catfish at Qingjiang Reservoir in Hubei Province since 2007. The project has yielded promising results. Below are the key technical aspects that contributed to this success. First, the materials and methods used were carefully selected to ensure optimal conditions for fish growth. 1. **Water Conditions** The reservoir's water tanks offer convenient access, open surfaces, a quiet environment, and good sunlight exposure. Water clarity is over 250 meters, with a pH between 7.3 and 8.5, and dissolved oxygen levels ranging from 6.5 to 8.5 mg/L. The average depth is about 65 meters, with clean water and minimal sediment. During flood seasons, water flows rapidly, but surface temperatures remain stable between 8°C and 28°C, with suitable temperatures (20–26°C) lasting up to 185 days. The water body has strong self-cleaning capabilities, and there are no nearby industrial facilities or farmlands that could pollute the area. 2. **Cage Setup** The rigid cages were designed to adapt to water level changes. They were arranged in a "non" shape for easier management. Fixed piles, cables, and other support structures were installed to withstand storm waves and maintain stability. Before stocking, fingerlings were soaked in nets for 15 days, and netting was set up 7 days prior to allow algae to grow, making the mesh softer and easier for fish to enter. All nets were inspected for damage or aging before submersion. Cage dimensions varied, with double-layer nets used to prevent escape. The inner mesh had a size of 2.5 cm, while the outer layer was 3.0–4.0 cm. Sandbags were placed at the corners to prevent deformation. 3. **Fish Stocking** All fingerlings came from certified hatcheries in Hubei, measuring 15–18 cm and weighing around 50 g/tail. They were transported using oxygenated live fish trucks or bags, with temperature differences kept under 5°C. Fish were rested for two days before transport, and care was taken to minimize stress during transit. On February 18, 2007, 12,000 high-quality fish were stocked, including channel catfish, carp, and koi as "signal fish." Before stocking, fish were disinfected with povidone iodine and formalin to prevent disease. 4. **Feeding Management** After stocking, fish were fed compound feed with 36% protein content, adjusted based on water temperature and fish condition. Feeding occurred twice daily, with reduced frequency during extreme weather. Regular checks were conducted to monitor fish behavior, repair nets, and manage water exchange. Daily records were maintained, detailing weather, water quality, feeding, growth, and disease control. 5. **Disease Prevention** Fish were sterilized and supplemented with vitamins before transport. Disinfectants like chlorine dioxide were used during rearing, and Chinese herbal medicine was added to feed to enhance immunity. This helped reduce disease outbreaks and improve survival rates. Second, the harvest and economic outcomes were impressive. After 10 months, a total of 10,500 fish were harvested, averaging 650 g/tail, with a yield of 48.75 kg/m² and an 87.5% survival rate. Additional species like squid and scales were also collected. The project generated a total income of 82,250 yuan, with costs at 57,400 yuan, resulting in a profit of 24,850 yuan. The unit profit was 155.3 yuan per cubic meter, with an input-output ratio of 1:1.43. Third, the discussion highlights several important factors. The use of net cages proved highly effective for raising channel catfish, which have strong market demand and fast growth. By promoting this technology, not only was market supply ensured, but seasonal price fluctuations were also utilized. Additionally, filter-feeding and predatory fish were raised alongside, helping to purify water and reduce pollution. High-quality fingerlings and proper stocking practices were essential for successful breeding, while careful management of the ecosystem improved overall efficiency and profitability.

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