Application and attention of water softener ion exchange technology
2022-08-28 10:04:37
Application and attention of water softener ion exchange technology
The hardness of water mainly refers to the total content of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions. Both production water and domestic water have certain requirements on the hardness index. In particular, if boilers and water heaters contain excessively high hardness, scale will form on the heat transfer surface, thereby reducing thermal efficiency and increasing fuel consumption.
The hardness of water mainly refers to the total content of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions. Both production water and domestic water have certain requirements on the hardness index. In particular, if boilers and water heaters contain excessively high hardness, scale will form on the heat transfer surface, thereby reducing thermal efficiency, increasing fuel consumption, and even damaging components due to local overheating on the metal walls, causing an explosion. Therefore, for boilers and water heaters, water softening treatment is required;
When the raw water containing calcium and magnesium ions passes through the water softener resin layer, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are replaced with the sodium ions in the resin, and the resin adsorbs calcium and magnesium ions, and the sodium ions enter the water, so that the water flows out of the water softener. Water is the softened water from which calcium and magnesium ions are removed. As the exchange process continues, the Na+ in the resin is replaced and saturated, and the exchange function is lost. At this time, the resin must be regenerated with a soft water salt (NaCl) solution to displace the calcium and magnesium ions adsorbed by the resin. When the resin re-adsorbs sodium ions, the softening exchange capacity is restored.
The purpose of soft water is to form the hardness components of scale in the water, such as calcium and magnesium ions, as well as other high-priced metal ions such as iron, aluminum, manganese, etc. (due to the small amount, although it is scaled, it can be omitted) It has been removed. 90% of households in developed countries have used soft water for washing and bathing.
The water softener is equipped with a softener resin. The artificial ion exchange resin has soft mineral sodium, which can undergo ion exchange reaction with hard minerals such as calcium and magnesium dissolved in water, while sodium does not exist in the form of scale. It accumulates on the surface of the object, so it is less harmful to the object it is in contact with. The resin is a porous, insoluble exchange material. In modern water softeners, there are millions of tiny plastic balls (beads), all of which contain many negative charge exchange sites that absorb positive ions. These charge exchange sites are occupied by positively charged sodium ions when the resin is in a new state. The resin preferentially binds to a strongly charged cation. The charge of calcium and magnesium ions is stronger than that of sodium ions. When water containing calcium or magnesium ions passes through the resin storage tank, calcium and magnesium ions are in contact with the resin beads, and are replaced by exchange positions. Sodium ion. After ion exchange, calcium and magnesium ions are adsorbed on the resin in the water softener, and the water flowing out becomes soft. After the function of the Tonghua water softener, all the resins are adsorbed with calcium and magnesium ions, and then they can no longer work, and need to be regenerated.
The water softener is an ion exchange technology that exchanges calcium and magnesium ions in water through functional ions on the resin to absorb excess calcium and magnesium ions in the water to remove scale (calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate).
The regeneration of the water softener resin is carried out using a dilute solution of sodium chloride and water. During the regeneration process, the working water flow of the water softener is first stopped, and the brine drawn from the brine tank is mixed with another dilution water stream, and the diluted salt aqueous solution flows through the resin to be in contact with the resin with calcium and magnesium ions. Although calcium and magnesium ions carry more electricity than sodium ions, concentrated salt solutions contain millions of weakly charged sodium ions and have the ability to replace a small number of calcium and magnesium ions. Thus, when the calcium and magnesium ions are replaced and exchanged, the resin is regenerated and ready for the next softening operation. This cycle.
Water softener precautions
1. Avoid placing the water softener near the heat source or taking necessary heat insulation measures. It is strictly forbidden to connect to the hot water pipeline or the pipeline that may generate hot water backflow.
2. When the raw water does not meet the municipal tap water standard, if the mud sand content is large, the residual chlorine exceeds the standard, etc., the pretreatment device should be installed before the soft water machine.
3. There should be enough space between the water softener drain pipe and the drainage floor drain to prevent siphoning.
4. After the installation is completed, the valve head should be adjusted to the backwashing position, and then the inlet valve should be opened. The purpose is to discharge the protective liquid of the resin into the sewer, and then start the immediate regeneration process. When regenerating, pay attention to observe whether the operation of each program is normal. .
5, soft water machine should use edible salt (sun salt), insoluble impurities should be less than 1%, it is forbidden to use salt containing various additives.
6. During the operation of the water softener, the user should pay attention to check the salt content in the salt tank. The salt content should reach one-fifth of the height of the salt tank. When the salt surface height is less than one-fifth, the salt should be added in time.
7. Salt bridges are sometimes formed in the salt tank, that is, a space is formed in the lower part of the salt layer. During the regeneration process, the salt cannot be dissolved in water to form a salt solution, and the resin is not regenerated. The water softener will not produce qualified soft water. . Users should always check whether there is a salt bridge at the bottom of the salt tank. If there is a salt bridge, please smash it.
8. In case of long-term deactivation (or when the water pressure is unstable), in order to prevent the water hammer phenomenon, the main valve must be closed to make the water softener water and power off; when using, the electric control type must first be connected to the power supply adjustment time 9. Water softener The pressure of zui Jiashen water is 0.2~0.5Mpa. Above 0.5Mpa, the pressure reducing device must be installed. The size and installation position must be designed by the designer before installation; the user needs to keep the floor drain; the electric control type needs to reserve power.
The hardness of water mainly refers to the total content of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions. Both production water and domestic water have certain requirements on the hardness index. In particular, if boilers and water heaters contain excessively high hardness, scale will form on the heat transfer surface, thereby reducing thermal efficiency and increasing fuel consumption.
The hardness of water mainly refers to the total content of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions. Both production water and domestic water have certain requirements on the hardness index. In particular, if boilers and water heaters contain excessively high hardness, scale will form on the heat transfer surface, thereby reducing thermal efficiency, increasing fuel consumption, and even damaging components due to local overheating on the metal walls, causing an explosion. Therefore, for boilers and water heaters, water softening treatment is required;
When the raw water containing calcium and magnesium ions passes through the water softener resin layer, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are replaced with the sodium ions in the resin, and the resin adsorbs calcium and magnesium ions, and the sodium ions enter the water, so that the water flows out of the water softener. Water is the softened water from which calcium and magnesium ions are removed. As the exchange process continues, the Na+ in the resin is replaced and saturated, and the exchange function is lost. At this time, the resin must be regenerated with a soft water salt (NaCl) solution to displace the calcium and magnesium ions adsorbed by the resin. When the resin re-adsorbs sodium ions, the softening exchange capacity is restored.
The purpose of soft water is to form the hardness components of scale in the water, such as calcium and magnesium ions, as well as other high-priced metal ions such as iron, aluminum, manganese, etc. (due to the small amount, although it is scaled, it can be omitted) It has been removed. 90% of households in developed countries have used soft water for washing and bathing.
The water softener is equipped with a softener resin. The artificial ion exchange resin has soft mineral sodium, which can undergo ion exchange reaction with hard minerals such as calcium and magnesium dissolved in water, while sodium does not exist in the form of scale. It accumulates on the surface of the object, so it is less harmful to the object it is in contact with. The resin is a porous, insoluble exchange material. In modern water softeners, there are millions of tiny plastic balls (beads), all of which contain many negative charge exchange sites that absorb positive ions. These charge exchange sites are occupied by positively charged sodium ions when the resin is in a new state. The resin preferentially binds to a strongly charged cation. The charge of calcium and magnesium ions is stronger than that of sodium ions. When water containing calcium or magnesium ions passes through the resin storage tank, calcium and magnesium ions are in contact with the resin beads, and are replaced by exchange positions. Sodium ion. After ion exchange, calcium and magnesium ions are adsorbed on the resin in the water softener, and the water flowing out becomes soft. After the function of the Tonghua water softener, all the resins are adsorbed with calcium and magnesium ions, and then they can no longer work, and need to be regenerated.
The water softener is an ion exchange technology that exchanges calcium and magnesium ions in water through functional ions on the resin to absorb excess calcium and magnesium ions in the water to remove scale (calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate).
The regeneration of the water softener resin is carried out using a dilute solution of sodium chloride and water. During the regeneration process, the working water flow of the water softener is first stopped, and the brine drawn from the brine tank is mixed with another dilution water stream, and the diluted salt aqueous solution flows through the resin to be in contact with the resin with calcium and magnesium ions. Although calcium and magnesium ions carry more electricity than sodium ions, concentrated salt solutions contain millions of weakly charged sodium ions and have the ability to replace a small number of calcium and magnesium ions. Thus, when the calcium and magnesium ions are replaced and exchanged, the resin is regenerated and ready for the next softening operation. This cycle.
Water softener precautions
1. Avoid placing the water softener near the heat source or taking necessary heat insulation measures. It is strictly forbidden to connect to the hot water pipeline or the pipeline that may generate hot water backflow.
2. When the raw water does not meet the municipal tap water standard, if the mud sand content is large, the residual chlorine exceeds the standard, etc., the pretreatment device should be installed before the soft water machine.
3. There should be enough space between the water softener drain pipe and the drainage floor drain to prevent siphoning.
4. After the installation is completed, the valve head should be adjusted to the backwashing position, and then the inlet valve should be opened. The purpose is to discharge the protective liquid of the resin into the sewer, and then start the immediate regeneration process. When regenerating, pay attention to observe whether the operation of each program is normal. .
5, soft water machine should use edible salt (sun salt), insoluble impurities should be less than 1%, it is forbidden to use salt containing various additives.
6. During the operation of the water softener, the user should pay attention to check the salt content in the salt tank. The salt content should reach one-fifth of the height of the salt tank. When the salt surface height is less than one-fifth, the salt should be added in time.
7. Salt bridges are sometimes formed in the salt tank, that is, a space is formed in the lower part of the salt layer. During the regeneration process, the salt cannot be dissolved in water to form a salt solution, and the resin is not regenerated. The water softener will not produce qualified soft water. . Users should always check whether there is a salt bridge at the bottom of the salt tank. If there is a salt bridge, please smash it.
8. In case of long-term deactivation (or when the water pressure is unstable), in order to prevent the water hammer phenomenon, the main valve must be closed to make the water softener water and power off; when using, the electric control type must first be connected to the power supply adjustment time 9. Water softener The pressure of zui Jiashen water is 0.2~0.5Mpa. Above 0.5Mpa, the pressure reducing device must be installed. The size and installation position must be designed by the designer before installation; the user needs to keep the floor drain; the electric control type needs to reserve power.
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