Autumn sow rearing management
Autumn is the golden season for pig growth. In summer and autumn, it is also a period of various epidemic diseases. The daily management of sows should be well done, pay attention to insecticide and sterilization, increase nutrition, enhance the disease resistance of sows, increase the survival rate of piglets, and ensure the breeding efficiency. To this end, this issue introduces a group of autumn sow breeding techniques for farmers' reference.
Pregnancy management
Feeding methods
When feeding, fine material, coarse material and green material should be properly matched. Concentrates and roughage should be crushed in order to facilitate the digestion and absorption of pigs. Feed nutrition should be comprehensive and good palatability. Whether it is using raw materials for wet feeding, or mixing the mixture with chopped green feed and letting pigs feed freely, the water content of the prepared feed should not be excessive. Pigs who feed dry materials must supply sufficient drinking water. In the autumn, the amount of drinking water is 4 times that of dry feed. In particular, lactating sows must not be deprived of water and the water quality should be clean.
Green materials must be blended with 40% concentrate, and 10% glutinous rice hulls can also be added to the feed. When feeding, generally feed the concentrate, and then feed the green material four times a day, preferably within half an hour each time. Granules are full-price blended powders that are compressed by pellet feeds. Compared to flour, they have good palatability, high digestibility, low incidence, large feed intake, fast animal growth, and high feed costs. Features. However, there are many farmers who use pellet feeds to feed pigs. Like the powders, they first add water to form porridge, and some even use boiling water to boil the material or cook it in a pot. This not only fails to reflect the superiority of pelleted feed, but also It will destroy the nutrition of the pellet feed.
Daily management
In order to ensure the normal development of fetus implantation in the mother's body, prevention of miscarriage, increase the rate of mating and delivery, ensure that each litter can produce a certain number of robust newborn piglets, to ensure the nutrients needed for sow lactation reserve lactation should be Daily management of the sow's different physiological characteristics at different stages of pregnancy.
Living environment The sow prefers a clean and hygienic environment, and it should develop good sanitation habits to set up excrement and urine, each cage should be fed with 3 to 4 heads, and each pig should have enough rest space. When sows are reared in groups, they must be divided in size, separated by strong and weak, and the sickly pigs should be kept separately to avoid eating, fighting and biting each other when feeding.
Observe whether sows have miscarriage marks, whether sows are returned, so that they can be promptly transferred to avoid cross-mother sows, resulting in unnecessary mechanical abortions; whether there is a traumatic injury, timely isolation and treatment; whether the perinatal sows are There are signs of farrowing; whether there is water in drinking fountains; whether there is any damage to food troughs, water pipes, fences, floors, and floorboards; timely adjustment and repairs are necessary; whether the equipment can operate normally; and the temperature and humidity conditions in the homes should be regularly ventilated. Ventilation; housing manure ditch storage manure discharge in time and so on.
The sows that had been assigned to the female pigs were assigned to the sow for 1 to 3 weeks. This was the period of fertilized egg implantation and the differentiation of embryonic organs. The nutritional level of the sows for the diet is not very high, but the dietary quality requirements are very high, the sow must strictly control the feeding amount, feeding can not be too much, about 1.8 to 2.5 kg per day, the intake of energy is too high, It will increase the death of the embryo, and it is not appropriate to make frequent adjustments to the sow, affect the placement of fertilized eggs, but also prone to malformation of the fetus.
22 to 88 days after pre-pregnancy sow mating, sow maintenance. At this time, sows diets 2 to 2.5 kilograms per day, and it is required to maintain a medium sensation.
89-107 days after the second trimester of sow mating, this is the fastest period of fetal growth, sow diet should be increased to 2.5 to 3 kilograms per day to ensure that the fetus is born healthy.
During the perinatal period, sows are born 108 days after mating. At this time, the amount of feed should be decremented every day to reduce the pressure of the gastrointestinal tract on the birth canal to ensure the production of sows.
Postpartum management
General gestation sows have low first-birth lactation, 3 to 4 births are at the peak of lactation, and then gradually decline; gilts are used prematurely, hypoplasia of bones and mammary glands, can also lead to low postpartum lactation; summer and autumn alternately overheated or Overcooling changes the sow's digestive function. Incomplete sow feeding during late pregnancy leads to insufficient energy and protein in the body. When the sow gets pregnant, inflammation is not strict, and vaginitis, endometritis, and postpartum fever occur. Can cause sows postpartum milkless or less milk.
Most of the primiparous sows have less milk due to insufficient development of the lactation system or low levels of dietary nutrition. When primiparous sows produce less milk, they may take 1 to 2 fresh placental clothes, chopped and cooked and added to the sow feed. ~ 3 feeds.
Most of the sows who produce less milk are secondary, and the principle should be to eradicate the cause, adjust the diet, and feed more fresh green and juicy feed. Can be fed with 200 grams of Jianshui Huanghua, one dose per day, and feed for 3 to 5 days.
Fatty endometriosis of the sow's lactation system is affected by fat infiltration and endocrine effects reduce sows' lactation. Hormonal prolactin may be the first choice. Prolactin is injected subcutaneously, 500-1000 IU per head, once per day, for 3 consecutive times. .
The main cause of lean lean sows less milk is malnutrition. It is necessary to check whether the nutrient content of the feed meets the requirements of the bred standard, and then check whether there is a contagious disease such as parasitosis. After removing the etiology, sow corpses are recovered on the principle of nourishing.
Keep the pens dry to ensure fresh air circulation, maintain hygiene, and prevent moisture. Missing milk sows can feed some soymilk, millet porridge, fetal clothing soup, fish soup and other high-nutrition foods, with 9 grams of Vaccaria, 6 grams of pangolins, 9 grams of wood, after the Jianshui feed; can shrink the house Prostate or treatment of prostate needle milk, generally hit a needle can be effective.
Insecticide sterilization
Alternating summer and autumn, the climate is humid. It is a period when parasites are active and endangering. There are a large number of parasites in pigs. The most common species of pig parasites are cockroaches, aphids, coccidia, toxoplasma, and whipworms, which cause more serious damage to pigs and often cause poor growth and development of pigs. Slow growth, feces and necropsy should be checked regularly to monitor the parasite infection, fecal examination can be carried out with saline floating fecal examination method to determine the presence of parasite eggs, avermectin can be used to kill insects, give the sow a healthy Growing environment.
Sows should be dewormed 14 days before breeding; in order to prevent piglets from touching the sow's feces and rubbing the parasites with the sow's skin, the insects should be driven 14 to 21 days before the sow, allowing the sows to be postpartum piglets. The body does not carry insects; boars should also be repelled once in the fall; there are many parasite eggs in the green feed (such as liver fluke, aphids, other nematodes, etc.), should be washed before feeding, such as feeding too much green feed, It is best to repel insects 2 months or so.
Streptococcal disease prevention
Changes in the autumn climate are prone to outbreaks of swine streptococci, and prevention should be strengthened. Streptococcus suis disease is an acute, hot, and septic contagious disease. It is mainly divided into the following four types:
Acute septicemia usually occurs in the early stages of the epidemic. Sudden onset, it often dies without any symptoms. The body temperature rises to 41°C to 42°C and it dies within a few hours to 1 day. It manifests itself as a mentally charged, purple-red spot under the abdomen.
Meningitis type mostly occurs in suckling piglets and nursery piglets, the body temperature of the pigs increases at the early stage of disease, the appetite is eliminated, constipation, serous or mucus nasal fluid, and then neurological symptoms occur, circling, empty chewing, molars, until the hindquarters paralysis. , Ataxia, lying on the ground, swimming in the limbs, neck stiffness, opisthotonos, or even coma and death. Some pigs developed polyarthritis, joint swelling, and disease duration of 1 to 2 days.
Types of arthritis occur in piglets, swollen joints, lameness, lying in the ground, depressed, loss of appetite, and increase in body temperature to above 41°C. The symptoms are heat retention, respiratory urge, rapid heartbeat, and dry stools. Counted as a plate, the surface of the stool is often mucus, and the pain changes from one limb to both limbs. The pig's ears, chest, and abdomen show purpura.
Suppurative lymphadenitis type swollen lymph nodes, hard, hot pain, eating, chewing, swallowing and breathing more difficult, more common in the submandibular lymph nodes purulent inflammation, throat, ear, neck and other lymph nodes can also occur, the course It is 3 to 5 weeks.
For the prevention of introduction, the animals were first kept in the isolation field for 45 days. After observation and testing confirmed that there was no disease, the animals were returned to the farm and returned to the farm for 45 days after returning to the farm. Early piglet immunization technology is applied, that is, 4 to 4 days of oral administration of 4 swine streptococcal vaccines for the first immunization, 50 to 60 days of intramuscular injection of 2 for booster immunization to prevent immune failure. Immediately after the onset of the disease, the entire audience conducted a census to isolate pigs and reduce transmission. For those pigs with abscesses, allantoic effusions, hindlimb paralysis, and paralysis, they were eliminated.
The preferred drugs for treatment are ampicillin, penicillin, amoxicillin, and ceftiofur, intramuscular injection, 3 times a day for 2 days; 5% glucose solution 500 ml, vitamin C injection 10 ml, intravenous injection, 2 times daily, continuous use 2 days. Symptoms of claudication can be treated with an analgesic drug; those with symptoms of hyperpyrexia should be given an antipyretic analgesic drug; Lymph abscesses should be treated with an antipyretic analgesic agent, and the abscess should be cut open to remove the pus, and then washed with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. After the application of iodine, combined with the injection of antibiotics such as penicillin.
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