Disaster Relief Crop Remediation - Corn

Corn is a water-intensive crop that lacks tolerance to excessive moisture. When soil moisture exceeds 80% of the field's maximum water-holding capacity, corn growth becomes stunted, particularly during the seedling stage. The earlier the waterlogging occurs after germination, the more severe the damage will be. Additionally, the longer the duration of flooding and the deeper the water level, the greater the harm to the plants. In general, if flooded for four days, corn yields can drop by over 20%, and if flooded for three days, the plants may die. Therefore, it's crucial to take immediate action once waterlogging occurs to reduce losses. The first step in recovery is to drain the fields thoroughly. Clearing ditches such as Tiantougou, Weigou, and Wajigou helps remove excess water quickly, lowering soil moisture levels and promoting better drainage and aeration. After rainfall, the soil should be cultivated promptly to loosen it, break up compaction, improve soil aeration, and enhance the root environment, encouraging healthy root development. If the seedlings have been lodged, they should be straightened and re-rooted as soon as possible. Timely application of early-stage fertilizer is essential to strengthen the seedlings. During the big bell mouth stage, applying 20 kg of urea per acre can help support plant growth. For fields that experienced prolonged flooding or severe waterlogging, it’s recommended to spray high-efficiency foliar fertilizers and root stimulants alongside regular fertilization to aid in the recovery of plant health. Pest and disease control should also be intensified after waterlogging. Conditions like stalk rot and corn borer are more common following floods. While applying foliar fertilizers, farmers can combine pest and disease management. For example, Jinggangmycin or carbendazim can be used to control stalk rot, with spraying focused on the stems and leaves below the ear. Chlorothalonil or thiophanate-methyl can be applied to prevent or treat leaf spot diseases, with applications repeated every 7 to 10 days for two to three times. To manage corn borers, poisoned soil or phoxim can be used during the jointing to trumpet stages. If the damage is too severe, replanting may be necessary, or the land could be converted to other crops depending on the situation. Taking these steps promptly can help minimize economic loss and restore productivity in the affected areas.

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