Five Measures for Feeding Pigs in Summer

The hot and humid summer weather can have a significant impact on the pig industry, leading to various negative effects. Pigs may experience reduced appetite, elevated body temperature, weakness, and decreased energy levels. Boars might lose their sexual desire, while sows that are not pregnant may fail to show heat or estrus. Pregnant sows could suffer from high embryo mortality, and lactating sows may even die in extreme heat. To protect pigs from these challenges, it's essential for farmers to implement effective cooling and management strategies. First, improving ventilation is crucial. Pig houses built facing east to west can benefit from utilizing airflow through front and rear windows. Before summer arrives, small windows should be enlarged if possible. Installing electric fans can also help improve air circulation when temperatures rise. Second, shading is important. Planting trees around the pig house not only helps with greening but also provides shade. Building a pergola near the structure can further reduce ground temperatures, creating a cooler environment for the animals. Third, ensuring a constant supply of clean water is vital. Pigs consume more water during hot weather, so the water source must be abundant and fresh. Spraying water around the area can help lower temperatures, but direct spraying of cold water onto pigs should be avoided to prevent colds. Fourth, feeding and management practices should be adjusted. Feeding times should be moved to early morning and late evening, avoiding midday heat. Gradual changes in feeding schedules are recommended as temperatures fluctuate. Piglets being sold should be transported during cooler hours. Sows should be encouraged to give birth during cooler periods, and farrowing areas should not be cleaned with excessive cold water to avoid increasing humidity. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the pens—twice daily for waste removal and three to four times monthly for disinfection—are necessary to maintain hygiene and control pests. Lastly, adjusting feed formulas can help pigs cope better with heat stress. For full-feed rations, adding 2–3 kg of baking soda, 150–200 g of vitamin C, and 80–100 g of vitamin E per ton can support their health. For sow feed, adding 5–8 kg of edible oil per ton and slightly increasing crude protein content can improve performance and resilience during hot weather. By implementing these five measures, farmers can ensure that their pigs remain healthy and productive throughout the summer months.

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