Freshwater crayfish shrimp breeding pond breeding

First, pond preparation is essential before introducing broodstock. The ponds should be thoroughly cleaned and maintained, with excess silt removed to ensure a healthy environment. Escape prevention structures must be installed to avoid losses. While weeds around the pond don’t need to be completely removed, they can provide shelter for burrowing, mating, and spawning activities. However, it’s crucial to clear and disinfect the pond, eliminating predators and disease sources. Water filtration systems should be in place to prevent unwanted organisms from entering. Once the water is ready, aquatic plants—both floating, submerged, and emergent—should be introduced. These plants should cover about two-thirds of the pond area, and artificial shelters like rocks or plastic tubes should be added to support broodstock behavior. The initial water depth should be slightly higher than normal, ideally over 1 meter, and a base fertilizer of approximately 200 kg of decomposed organic manure per acre should be applied to enrich the soil. Second, the release of broodstock should take place on a sunny morning to reduce stress on the animals. After purchasing, the broodstock should be acclimated by fully submerging them before release. The stocking density should not exceed 30 kg per acre, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1 to 2:1. A small percentage of males (about 5%) can be included to increase fertilization success and prevent eggs from falling off after females are moved. These males can then mate again. Broodstock can also be selected from surviving shrimp that weren’t harvested in previous years, ensuring a continuous breeding population. Third, proper management is key after release. Feeding should begin immediately with high-quality animal feed to meet the nutritional needs of the broodstock. After 7–10 days of intensive care, they will start digging and laying eggs. When most broodstock have entered their burrows, some water can be slowly drained, keeping the depth around 60 cm. Regular monitoring of egg-holding status is important, and feeding should continue to support the development of young shrimp. Fertilizers should be applied to maintain good water quality, ensuring that newly hatched juveniles have access to natural food sources. If many eggs or young shrimp are observed, it’s necessary to remove some males and mature females to reduce overcrowding and improve survival rates. By November, as temperatures drop, most broodstock and larger juvenile shrimp will retreat into their burrows, sometimes sealing the entrances with mud. At this point, the water level should be gradually increased to ensure that the burrows remain moist, especially for freshwater crayfish. A certain amount of fresh water should be added to maintain humidity inside the caves. During warmer winter days, some crayfish may still be active near the burrow entrances, and supplemental feeding can be provided if needed. Feeding amounts should be adjusted based on eating habits, weather, and temperature. On sunny afternoons, when activity is higher, feeding should be placed near areas with more burrows, such as the central mounds, to maximize efficiency and ensure all individuals get enough food.

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