Ecological insecticide method

Fertilizer-based insecticide methods are widely used to manage pest damage. For instance, a 2% urea solution, 1% ammonium bicarbonate solution, or 0.5% ammonia spray can be applied every 7 to 10 days, with up to two or three applications. These solutions have stimulant, fumigant, and corrosive effects on pests, especially small and weak ones like spider mites, thrips, aphids, and whiteflies, leading to effective control. Additionally, a 2% calcium superphosphate leaching solution is effective when sprayed on cotton plants. It not only controls the larvae of bollworms but also repels them from laying eggs, reducing their attractiveness and significantly decreasing crop damage. Studies show that applying 25–30 kg of silicon-calcium fertilizer per acre can greatly reduce infestations by aphids and other pests. The ash-killing method involves soaking 10 kg of grass ash in 50 kg of water for a full day and night, then using the filtrate for spraying. This helps prevent aphid infestations on fruit trees, vegetables, and flowers. Adding potassium fertilizer enhances the plant's resistance to lodging and improves its ability to withstand wind and cold. If trichlorfon is added to the solution, it boosts the contact and fumigation effects, increasing mortality rates, particularly against flies, aphids, and red spider mites. The urine washing mixture method typically uses 300–500 g of urea and 100 g of laundry detergent mixed in 50 kg of water. Spraying this solution effectively controls pests such as red spiders and aphids on crops, vegetables, and fruit trees while also providing some fertilizing benefits. Bioinsecticides rely on natural predators or pathogenic microorganisms to manage pests. Beneficial organisms like Trichogramma wasps, golden wasps, ladybugs, spiders, hornets, frogs, and swallows play a crucial role. By protecting and utilizing these natural enemies, farmers can reduce pest populations without relying heavily on chemicals, lower costs, protect the environment, and improve overall economic returns.

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