Freshwater crayfish shrimp breeding pond breeding

First, pond preparation is essential before introducing the broodstock. The ponds should be thoroughly cleaned and maintained, with excess silt removed to ensure a healthy environment. Escape prevention structures must be installed to keep the broodstock secure. While weeds around the pond do not need to be completely removed—since they provide shelter for burrowing, mating, and spawning—it's important to manage them so they don't overgrow. Additionally, the pond should be cleared, disinfected, and treated to eliminate predators and disease-causing organisms. This helps prevent unwanted species from entering the pond. After the water is introduced, aquatic plants such as floating, submerged, and emergent species should be planted or transplanted. These plants should cover about two-thirds of the pond area to provide natural habitat and food sources. Artificial shelters should also be added to support the broodstock. The initial water depth should be slightly higher, ideally more than 1 meter, and base fertilizer should be applied at a rate of approximately 200 kg of decomposed organic manure per acre. Second, the release of broodstock should take place in the early morning on a sunny day, avoiding direct sunlight to reduce stress. Once the broodstock arrives at the pond, it should be fully submerged and acclimated before being released. The stocking density should not exceed 30 kg per acre, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1 to 2:1. A small percentage of males (around 5%) can be added to help prevent eggs from falling off after the females are moved. These males can later mate again and spawn. If possible, some shrimp that were not harvested during the previous breeding season can be retained as broodstock for the next cycle. Third, proper management is crucial after the broodstock is introduced. Feeding should be increased with high-protein animal feed to meet the nutritional needs of the broodstock. After 7–10 days of intensive care, the broodstock will begin digging and laying eggs. Once most of them have entered their burrows, the water level should be gradually lowered to around 60 cm. During this time, consistent feeding is necessary, and the egg-holding status of the females should be monitored regularly. Fertilizers should be applied to maintain good water quality, ensuring that newly hatched juveniles have access to nutritious natural food sources. When a large number of eggs or juvenile shrimp are observed, it’s important to remove some males and mature females to reduce overcrowding and improve survival rates. This ensures that the fertilized eggs hatch properly and that the young shrimp have a safe and supportive environment to grow. By November, as temperatures drop, many broodstock and larger juvenile shrimp will begin to retreat into their burrows, and some may even seal the entrances with mud. At this point, the water level in the pond should be gradually increased, ensuring that the freshwater crayfish caves remain moist. A certain water level or humidity should be maintained inside the burrows. During warmer winter days, some crayfish may still be active near the entrance of their holes. In such cases, a small amount of bait can be provided. The daily feeding amount should be adjusted based on the availability of food, weather conditions, and temperature. On sunny afternoons when temperatures are higher, feeding should be concentrated in areas with many burrows, such as the middle mounds, to maximize efficiency and ensure all animals get enough nutrition.

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