Doing a good job in the management of fruit tree dormancy
2019-05-06 15:02:21
The dormancy period of deciduous fruit trees refers to a period from the natural defoliation at the end of autumn and winter to the budding in the second year of spring. After a year, fruit trees have germinated, pumped, and flowered. The results consume a lot of nutrients. In order to increase nutrient reserve for the branches, make them safe for winter, promote flower bud differentiation in the following year, and increase fruit set rate, it is necessary to strengthen the dormancy management of fruit trees. , Now introduce the following points:
1. The basal fertilizer should be harvested before applying it to the top of the frozen plant. The earlier the fertilization time is, the better. Generally, the above-mentioned miscellaneous manures are dominant, and they should be applied after being decomposed; a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer and compound fertilizer can also be applied. The fertilization method can be applied with acupuncture, interstraining between rows of plants, and application of annular furrows.
2. The deep-turning of the whole garden combined with the application of basal fertilisers for fruit trees to perform a deep rounding in the whole garden is conducive to the promotion of root growth, and it also eliminates wintering pests and eggs in the soil. The depth of deep turning is 60~80cm, the effect after deep turning can be maintained for several years, and the interval is usually once every several years. In addition, care should be taken to protect the root system during deep plowing so as not to weaken the tree.
3. The purpose of pruning during dormancy pruning is to focus on different ages: during saplings, the main task is to complete plastic surgery; in the early fruit stage, the main culture results are branches; in the full fruit period, the proportion of flowers, leaves and buds is mainly adjusted, and the maintaining and rejuvenating trees are Body growth. Pay attention to remove the branches and branches of trees, dry branches, remove the leaves and stale berries, and apply animal oil and 843 rehabilitation agents to protect large wounds.
4. Scrape the bark against pears, dates, and other fruit trees, and in the early spring, scrape the bark as much as possible. Scrape bark on the one hand can promote the regeneration of the bark to prevent premature maturity; on the other hand, it can eliminate a variety of overwintering pests and eggs hidden in the rough, split, and cracked skin of fruit trees. The site of the skin scraping is mainly the rough skin and the skin under the trunk and the middle of the main branch. When scraping the bark, be careful, thorough and thorough. Scratch the surface as smoothly as possible without leaving hairs. Avoid deep injuries and xylem. For trees infected with rot, it is advisable to scrape with a knife to see the red endothelium. Spread a plastic sheet under the tree before scraping to prevent the diseased body from falling into the soil. The scraped bark must be burned.
5. Trunks painted white The trunks painted white in winter can kill pathogenic bacteria and eggs that are overwintering on the trunk, and can prevent freezing damage from occurring. When dry, the trunk should be completely covered until the bifurcation of the main lateral branch. There are various preparation methods for whitening agents. Now we introduce a simpler one: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of clay and 39 parts of water as raw materials. The slag, pour the salt, and then pour the lime sulfur mixture and clay, stir and serve.
6. Orchard cleaning in the late winter and early spring period, it is necessary to timely clean up the fallen leaves, fruit drop, weeds, and gravel in the orchard and scrape off the rough skin, skins, cut off pests and branches, and dead branches when pruning the bark. Digging pits buried in soil, or burned. The branches that are cut off during winter cutting cannot be piled in the orchard to prevent it from becoming a pathogen of pathogenic bacteria and aggravate the occurrence of pests and diseases in orchards.
7. In the orchard, where insecticides and insecticides occur more severely, pesticides can be selected. When the weather is fine in the winter, the entire garden is sprayed. Before the sprouting of the fruit trees in spring, sprayed Baume 3 to 5 lime sulfur mixture, which is bactericidal and insecticidal.
1. The basal fertilizer should be harvested before applying it to the top of the frozen plant. The earlier the fertilization time is, the better. Generally, the above-mentioned miscellaneous manures are dominant, and they should be applied after being decomposed; a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer and compound fertilizer can also be applied. The fertilization method can be applied with acupuncture, interstraining between rows of plants, and application of annular furrows.
2. The deep-turning of the whole garden combined with the application of basal fertilisers for fruit trees to perform a deep rounding in the whole garden is conducive to the promotion of root growth, and it also eliminates wintering pests and eggs in the soil. The depth of deep turning is 60~80cm, the effect after deep turning can be maintained for several years, and the interval is usually once every several years. In addition, care should be taken to protect the root system during deep plowing so as not to weaken the tree.
3. The purpose of pruning during dormancy pruning is to focus on different ages: during saplings, the main task is to complete plastic surgery; in the early fruit stage, the main culture results are branches; in the full fruit period, the proportion of flowers, leaves and buds is mainly adjusted, and the maintaining and rejuvenating trees are Body growth. Pay attention to remove the branches and branches of trees, dry branches, remove the leaves and stale berries, and apply animal oil and 843 rehabilitation agents to protect large wounds.
4. Scrape the bark against pears, dates, and other fruit trees, and in the early spring, scrape the bark as much as possible. Scrape bark on the one hand can promote the regeneration of the bark to prevent premature maturity; on the other hand, it can eliminate a variety of overwintering pests and eggs hidden in the rough, split, and cracked skin of fruit trees. The site of the skin scraping is mainly the rough skin and the skin under the trunk and the middle of the main branch. When scraping the bark, be careful, thorough and thorough. Scratch the surface as smoothly as possible without leaving hairs. Avoid deep injuries and xylem. For trees infected with rot, it is advisable to scrape with a knife to see the red endothelium. Spread a plastic sheet under the tree before scraping to prevent the diseased body from falling into the soil. The scraped bark must be burned.
5. Trunks painted white The trunks painted white in winter can kill pathogenic bacteria and eggs that are overwintering on the trunk, and can prevent freezing damage from occurring. When dry, the trunk should be completely covered until the bifurcation of the main lateral branch. There are various preparation methods for whitening agents. Now we introduce a simpler one: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of clay and 39 parts of water as raw materials. The slag, pour the salt, and then pour the lime sulfur mixture and clay, stir and serve.
6. Orchard cleaning in the late winter and early spring period, it is necessary to timely clean up the fallen leaves, fruit drop, weeds, and gravel in the orchard and scrape off the rough skin, skins, cut off pests and branches, and dead branches when pruning the bark. Digging pits buried in soil, or burned. The branches that are cut off during winter cutting cannot be piled in the orchard to prevent it from becoming a pathogen of pathogenic bacteria and aggravate the occurrence of pests and diseases in orchards.
7. In the orchard, where insecticides and insecticides occur more severely, pesticides can be selected. When the weather is fine in the winter, the entire garden is sprayed. Before the sprouting of the fruit trees in spring, sprayed Baume 3 to 5 lime sulfur mixture, which is bactericidal and insecticidal.
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