Fertilizing methods for new vegetable fields

Deep soil cultivation and the improvement of new vegetable fields are essential for sustainable farming. Typically, the farming layer is only about 15 centimeters thick, which is relatively shallow and not ideal for growing vegetables. To enhance soil quality, it should be converted into proper vegetable soil. As the number of planting ridges increases, nutrient demand rises significantly. Therefore, the cultivating layer needs to be gradually deepened to improve its physical properties. Deep plowing can be scheduled during summer and autumn when vegetables are out of season. It is recommended to perform two deep plows each season, aiming to reach a depth of 25 to 40 centimeters. To further improve soil structure, increasing organic fertilizer application is crucial. Materials such as soil modifiers, urban organic waste, and compost play an important role in stabilizing the soil's structure. Organic fertilizers not only supply essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium but also help form stable soil aggregates, enhancing water and nutrient retention. They also increase the soil’s buffering capacity, making it more resilient. This is a vital component in ensuring the fertility of new vegetable fields and should be given significant attention. Planting leguminous green manure is another effective strategy. These crops fix atmospheric nitrogen, and after harvesting the edible parts, their straw can be returned to the field. Fresh stems and leaves from peas, beans, and similar plants, when pressed into the soil, enrich it with organic matter and increase nitrogen content, improving overall soil fertility. Rational crop rotation is key to preventing issues like soil acidification, salinization, and disease spread. In areas undergoing agricultural reform, careful planning of crop rotation is especially important. By utilizing the different nutrient absorption patterns of various vegetables, we can slow down the overuse of specific nutrients and reduce the risk of these problems. This helps maximize the potential of new vegetable fields. For example, including mustard and peas in the rotation allows them to absorb unused phosphorus and potassium, which can then be reused by subsequent crops, improving nutrient availability for future plantings. A diverse rotation system is recommended, with at least 25% of the rotation consisting of legumes.

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