New Winter Technology for Macrobrachium rosenbergii (I)
2018-04-16 14:00:17
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a tropical freshwater shrimp with poor cold resistance. 17-18 °C decreased activity, decreased food intake, and died below 14 °C for several days. Macrobrachium rosenbergii harvest season, a large number of shrimp market, easily lead to multi-price goods down, and dry ponds sold after the sale of goods can easily lead to shortage of goods phenomenon. Therefore, the overwintering of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is of great significance for enriching the aquatic product market and improving fishery economic efficiency. From November 1997 to February 1998, wintering aquaculture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii achieved 8.1% average weight gain per mu, and the benefit was 8,100 yuan per mu. We have summed up this and provided a reference for the next large-scale promotion.
1 Materials and Methods
1.1 Pond conditions We chose four mud pools at the Aquatic Breeding Station in Zhongshan City, both of which were 250m2 and totaled 1.5 acres. The mud pool is facing north and south, with a height of 1.7m and a water depth of 1.3m. A drainage, a water injection, a bamboo shed in the pool, a double membrane on the shed surface, drainage water drainage around the pool, each pool is equipped with an air compressor, installed in the pool trachea and gas stone, and in the pool with a hot water boiler circulation Water pipe.
1.2 Pond clearing 1 Suntan: Exposure of the bottom of the pool to cracks in September; 2 Water injection: Inject fresh water of Dajiang River at the beginning of October to 40cm; 3 kinds of skimmers, black leaf algae, water hyacinths: every 1m after the water injection A variety of broths between the vertical and horizontal species, after the growth of the vine, gradually raise the water level to 1.3m, then use a bamboo frame to fix and put a line of water hyacinth 1m wide in the middle of the water surface; 4 disinfection clearing pond: 10 days before the broodstock enters the pool. Disinfect with 2010-6 bleach, kill the wild fish with 5010-6 tea bran every two days; 5 Fertilize: Apply appropriate amount of base fertilizer after water injection, cultivate algae, keep the pool water green and refreshing; 6 Install trachea, air stone and water pipe, each The pool is evenly installed with 40 gas stones, the depth of gas stones can be evenly filled with gas out of the water surface, the heating circulating water pipe is installed around the pool, the water pipe is 15cm away from the bottom of the pool; 7 test water: the water is tested after being disinfected for 7 days, and there is no evidence of abnormality The pharmacy has disappeared and shrimp can be put into the wintering pool.
1.3 Put the shrimp into the wintering pond In the late winter of November, when the shrimp enters the pond for winter, choose the normal shelling, bright body color, complete appendages, no black fleas, white meat disease, strong physique, shrimp with a specification of 90/kg or so? Tail weight of 11g? Overwintering, stocking density of 0.4 kg per square meter of water, put 100 kg per pool, a total of 400 kilograms of shrimp in four pools, each pond polyculture of 0.25 kilograms of carp 13 fish.
1.4 Feed and Feeding Methods The whole wintering period is dominated by pellet feed, soybeans, peanut bran, clam meat, and snail meat. The crude protein content of the pellet feed is higher than 31%, and the pellet feed stability in water is more than 4 hours. Soybeans must be cooked and cooked. Fresh meat and snail meat. Feeding amount is 1.5-2% of shrimp body weight. Feed twice a day, once at 8 a.m. and once at 4 p.m. Dive evenly to the whole pond along the base of the pond. During the day, more shots were made in the deepwater area, and in the evening, they turned to shallow areas for more investment. Feeding amount should be adjusted flexibly according to the weather, water temperature, water quality and shrimp's feeding saturation in actual operation. The specific approach is: After feeding for 3 hours, check the food table in the pool. If there is no leftover material on the food table, check that 30% of the individuals in the pool shrimp are not saturated. Next time, add the amount of feed as appropriate.
1.5 Daily Management
(I) Oxygenation: Use electronic air pump to inflate oxygen continuously for 24 hours a day;
(2) Control of water temperature: Measure the water temperature once a day in the early morning. When the water temperature is lower than 18°C, heat the boiler to make the water temperature higher than 20°C. On the day of the sun, when the sun is violent and the water temperature is higher than 25°C, it is necessary to properly uncover the film during the day, ventilate it, and then cover it again in the afternoon.
(3) Rows of water injection: During the winter, all warming weather must be changed. Note that the temperature difference before and after changing the water should not exceed 3°C. After changing the water, if the pool is clear and turbid, apply 2-4 kg of compound fertilizer and 2.5-5.0 kg of quick lime per acre to cultivate the pool water, so that the pool water can maintain the fresh green water quality;
(D) Drug prevention: Disinfect once every 110 days with 110-6 bleach or 2010-6 formalin;
(five) patrol pond: day and night duty, morning and evening patrol pond, pay attention to check the shrimp activity, water quality changes, water temperature changes, feeding conditions and temperature changes. Take care to prevent hypoxia and frozen dead shrimp.
2 results
From November 18, 1997, shrimps were introduced into wintering ponds until Feb. 28, 1998. The wintering season totaled 100 days. got a good result.
2.1 Growth conditions Random sampling on February 28, 50 shrimp weighing 660 g, average tail weight 13.2 g.
2.2 Yields After the dry ponds were harvested, a total of 432.5 kg of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was harvested, which was an increase of 8.1% in weight compared to shrimps entering the wintering pond.
2.3 Benefits Sales of Macrobrachium rosenbergii totaled 32,870 yuan, with a total expenditure of 20,270 yuan, a profit of 12,150 yuan and an average profit of 8,100 yuan. Obtained good economic benefits.
3 Discussion and Conclusion
3.1 The overwintering of Macrobrachium rosenbergii has good economic benefits, and the technology is easy to grasp and has high promotion value.
3.2 Control of water temperature to ensure that frozen shrimp is one of the key technologies. To measure the water temperature once a day, pay close attention to the local weather forecast, make preparations before the cold air arrives, and if necessary warm up in advance to prevent the boiler from heating up to the requirement.
3.3 Control the size of shrimp into the overwintering pool, specifications are too small, when the price rises, it may not be listed, the size is too large, the shrimp has little potential for weight gain, even the factors of survival rate make the total weight of the shrimp in the winter cut back. When entering the wintering pond, the size of Macrobrachium rosenbergii should be controlled from 45 to 50 pigs per kilogram.
3.4 We use a way of letting go and fishing once. According to the market price, dry ponds are put on the market once they reach the predetermined deadline. According to our analysis, due to the cold weather in winter and spring, the shrimp's resistance capacity has decreased. After repeated fishing, the shrimp is susceptible to frostbite and it is difficult to restore health and even die.
1 Materials and Methods
1.1 Pond conditions We chose four mud pools at the Aquatic Breeding Station in Zhongshan City, both of which were 250m2 and totaled 1.5 acres. The mud pool is facing north and south, with a height of 1.7m and a water depth of 1.3m. A drainage, a water injection, a bamboo shed in the pool, a double membrane on the shed surface, drainage water drainage around the pool, each pool is equipped with an air compressor, installed in the pool trachea and gas stone, and in the pool with a hot water boiler circulation Water pipe.
1.2 Pond clearing 1 Suntan: Exposure of the bottom of the pool to cracks in September; 2 Water injection: Inject fresh water of Dajiang River at the beginning of October to 40cm; 3 kinds of skimmers, black leaf algae, water hyacinths: every 1m after the water injection A variety of broths between the vertical and horizontal species, after the growth of the vine, gradually raise the water level to 1.3m, then use a bamboo frame to fix and put a line of water hyacinth 1m wide in the middle of the water surface; 4 disinfection clearing pond: 10 days before the broodstock enters the pool. Disinfect with 2010-6 bleach, kill the wild fish with 5010-6 tea bran every two days; 5 Fertilize: Apply appropriate amount of base fertilizer after water injection, cultivate algae, keep the pool water green and refreshing; 6 Install trachea, air stone and water pipe, each The pool is evenly installed with 40 gas stones, the depth of gas stones can be evenly filled with gas out of the water surface, the heating circulating water pipe is installed around the pool, the water pipe is 15cm away from the bottom of the pool; 7 test water: the water is tested after being disinfected for 7 days, and there is no evidence of abnormality The pharmacy has disappeared and shrimp can be put into the wintering pool.
1.3 Put the shrimp into the wintering pond In the late winter of November, when the shrimp enters the pond for winter, choose the normal shelling, bright body color, complete appendages, no black fleas, white meat disease, strong physique, shrimp with a specification of 90/kg or so? Tail weight of 11g? Overwintering, stocking density of 0.4 kg per square meter of water, put 100 kg per pool, a total of 400 kilograms of shrimp in four pools, each pond polyculture of 0.25 kilograms of carp 13 fish.
1.4 Feed and Feeding Methods The whole wintering period is dominated by pellet feed, soybeans, peanut bran, clam meat, and snail meat. The crude protein content of the pellet feed is higher than 31%, and the pellet feed stability in water is more than 4 hours. Soybeans must be cooked and cooked. Fresh meat and snail meat. Feeding amount is 1.5-2% of shrimp body weight. Feed twice a day, once at 8 a.m. and once at 4 p.m. Dive evenly to the whole pond along the base of the pond. During the day, more shots were made in the deepwater area, and in the evening, they turned to shallow areas for more investment. Feeding amount should be adjusted flexibly according to the weather, water temperature, water quality and shrimp's feeding saturation in actual operation. The specific approach is: After feeding for 3 hours, check the food table in the pool. If there is no leftover material on the food table, check that 30% of the individuals in the pool shrimp are not saturated. Next time, add the amount of feed as appropriate.
1.5 Daily Management
(I) Oxygenation: Use electronic air pump to inflate oxygen continuously for 24 hours a day;
(2) Control of water temperature: Measure the water temperature once a day in the early morning. When the water temperature is lower than 18°C, heat the boiler to make the water temperature higher than 20°C. On the day of the sun, when the sun is violent and the water temperature is higher than 25°C, it is necessary to properly uncover the film during the day, ventilate it, and then cover it again in the afternoon.
(3) Rows of water injection: During the winter, all warming weather must be changed. Note that the temperature difference before and after changing the water should not exceed 3°C. After changing the water, if the pool is clear and turbid, apply 2-4 kg of compound fertilizer and 2.5-5.0 kg of quick lime per acre to cultivate the pool water, so that the pool water can maintain the fresh green water quality;
(D) Drug prevention: Disinfect once every 110 days with 110-6 bleach or 2010-6 formalin;
(five) patrol pond: day and night duty, morning and evening patrol pond, pay attention to check the shrimp activity, water quality changes, water temperature changes, feeding conditions and temperature changes. Take care to prevent hypoxia and frozen dead shrimp.
2 results
From November 18, 1997, shrimps were introduced into wintering ponds until Feb. 28, 1998. The wintering season totaled 100 days. got a good result.
2.1 Growth conditions Random sampling on February 28, 50 shrimp weighing 660 g, average tail weight 13.2 g.
2.2 Yields After the dry ponds were harvested, a total of 432.5 kg of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was harvested, which was an increase of 8.1% in weight compared to shrimps entering the wintering pond.
2.3 Benefits Sales of Macrobrachium rosenbergii totaled 32,870 yuan, with a total expenditure of 20,270 yuan, a profit of 12,150 yuan and an average profit of 8,100 yuan. Obtained good economic benefits.
3 Discussion and Conclusion
3.1 The overwintering of Macrobrachium rosenbergii has good economic benefits, and the technology is easy to grasp and has high promotion value.
3.2 Control of water temperature to ensure that frozen shrimp is one of the key technologies. To measure the water temperature once a day, pay close attention to the local weather forecast, make preparations before the cold air arrives, and if necessary warm up in advance to prevent the boiler from heating up to the requirement.
3.3 Control the size of shrimp into the overwintering pool, specifications are too small, when the price rises, it may not be listed, the size is too large, the shrimp has little potential for weight gain, even the factors of survival rate make the total weight of the shrimp in the winter cut back. When entering the wintering pond, the size of Macrobrachium rosenbergii should be controlled from 45 to 50 pigs per kilogram.
3.4 We use a way of letting go and fishing once. According to the market price, dry ponds are put on the market once they reach the predetermined deadline. According to our analysis, due to the cold weather in winter and spring, the shrimp's resistance capacity has decreased. After repeated fishing, the shrimp is susceptible to frostbite and it is difficult to restore health and even die.