Planting shrimp and crab technology in ponds
There are four test pools, 12 mu for No. 1 pool, 5 mu for No. 2 pond, 15 mu for No. 3 pond and 6 Mu for No. 4 pond. Among them, No. 1 and No. 2 ponds are demonstration pools, and No. 3 and No. 4 ponds are control ponds. The four pools are all treated pools, each with access and drainage channels. The pools with 1-1.8m deep water quality are all well-watered, and the silt thickness is about 15cm. The natural grass cover rate of each pool is only about 5%. Pools in No. 1 and No. 3 have a holding pool of approximately 10% of the surface of the water, with a depth of 1.3-1.8m. They are surrounded by dense nets and the mud in the pool is completely removed. The No. 1 and No. 3 ponds were tested for the main crabs and the No. 2 and No. 4 ponds were tested for the main shrimps. Each pond is 50 mussels of 16-20 tails/kg, and 50 heads of heads of 10-13 cm in length, which can control plankton biomass and regulate water quality.
Shrimp and crab seedlings are all locally cultivated, and freshwater shrimp (seasonal shrimp species) are purchased from the state-owned aquaculture farm. The river crab species are purchased from local Changjiang farms and are the Chinese mitten crabs in the Yangtze River water system. Valerian seed was purchased from Xuanzhou, Anhui Province.
Second, the method:
1, pond clearing. All pools were exposed in dry ponds in December, and 100-120 kg of fresh lime-free ponds were used per acre for 20 days before the shrimp and crab were planted. After the ponds have been cleaned, the slope ratio is 1:3, and the pools are all east-west, with an aspect ratio of 3:2 or 5:3.
2, seedlings launch. The crab seedlings placed in the No. 1 demonstration pool and the No. 3 control pond were placed in the holding tank first, and the rearing pond was raised for 4 months after the raising of the rearing pond. The autumn-come-stewed shrimp seedlings were directly under the pond. See Table 1 for details of stocking.
3, planting aquatic plants. The demonstration pool was sown with seeds of Vallisneria in early April. The amount of seed used was 50g/mu, and the whole pool was splashed. The bitter grass seeds soaked in water for about 12 hours, mixed with fine mud hand sprinkled. Generally do not need additional fertilization. In addition, leave 25-50cm of water in the pond during the sowing.
4, daily management. After the shrimps and crabs are planted under the pond, the water depth of each pool is controlled at 50-70cm. At the end of May, the average water level in the beginning of June should be added to about 80cm. At the beginning of July, the average water level in each pool was gradually increased to about 1.5m. During the high temperature season, the water level was adjusted to about 1.8m depending on the situation. From July to September, each pond needs to be splashed with 20ppm concentration of quicklime each month, and 10cm of new water is added every month. In the aspect of feeding and feeding, the plant-based feed is dominated by wheat and soybeans, and the animal-based feed is made of fresh and small trash fish. The snails are predominant. The former accounts for 70% and the latter accounts for 30%. The combination of fixed points and splashing is used for feeding. In addition, at the beginning of May, pools 1 and 3 need to be dismantled. In the daily management process, it is necessary to take effective measures in time to prevent crabs and crabs from escaping.
Third, summary and analysis:?
1. The main pool (No. 1 pond) of the crab in the demonstration pool is 1:3.5, and the main pond (No. 2 pond) in the green pool reaches 1:3.3. This is a significant increase compared with the control pond. In addition, under the conditions of stocking specifications and density, the specifications for raising crabs are 15 to 50 grams larger than those of the control, and the economic benefits have increased significantly. ?
2. In the demonstration pool, during the peak season of shrimps and crabs, the coverage rate of pool grasses reached more than 85%, and a dense "underwater forest" formed under water. This not only provided excellent hiding environment for shrimps and crabs but also provided Ample high quality vegetable food. (Aquaculture habitats also breed a large number of benthic animals such as snails, which in turn provide fresh, high-quality animal feed for shrimps and crabs.) More importantly, so many plants purify water very well, in summer It also reduces the water temperature, providing a very favorable ecological environment for the growth of shrimps and crabs. It is worth noting that in the demonstration pool, during the whole growing season of shrimps and crabs, in addition to a monthly concentration of 20 ppm of quicklime to control water quality during the month of July-September Quanchipa, drugs are rarely used to control shrimp and crab diseases. In fact, With regard to the daily management of the demonstration pool, a relatively serious disease did not occur once a year, based on the adjustment of water quality. Therefore, it should be said that this type of aquaculture is increasingly promoted by the ecological aquaculture provides a good reference. Looking back at the control pool, because of the limited shelter space provided, the ability of the water body to purify itself is poor. Naturally breeding water, peanuts, crabs and crabs neither love nor cover the sun, so the breeding effect is obviously inferior to the demonstration pool. ?
3. From the demonstration situation, the overall economic benefits are good, but due to the lack of strict anti-escape facilities and severe crab escape, the yield per unit area is still low. If it is possible to combine the breeding of zoobenthos resources such as snails, suitable amount of feed for commercial feeding At the same time, in order to prevent crabs from escaping in daily management, it is entirely possible to increase the yield significantly. In addition, under the premise of ensuring cultivation specifications and survival rate, the stocking density can be increased to further increase the yield, improve the utilization of water, and increase economic efficiency.
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