Rural pig attention

With the overall development of the rural economy, the source of feed has become more and more abundant. In the past, the pig-raising principle of “mainly raw materials with coarse grains and proper mix of fine ingredients” has basically changed. At present, rural pig farming is moving in the direction of scientific rearing. Using scientific feeding methods, it is possible to use feeds rationally and increase the feed conversion rate, so that pigs can grow more meat quickly. Therefore, pig farmers should pay attention to the following aspects in the feeding process. 1. Raw and Cooked Feeding In rural areas, many pig farmers have a habit of feeding cooked foods. It is believed that cooked feeds can reduce the volume of feed, soften crude fiber, allow pigs to eat more, and increase digestibility. According to the experiment, the type of feed is different. Raw and cooked feeds are different. Green and coarse feeds are fed better than raw feed. Dry matter and carbohydrates are also digested by the clinker group, protein and crude fiber. There was no significant difference in digestibility. In the concentrate type diet, the bean seed is actually cooked and fed better than the raw one. However, in most concentrate type diets, raw and feed are better than cooked ones. Normally cooked concentrates lose 5% to 10% of the nutrients. Raw foods are fed to pigs, and the average daily weight gain is 10% higher than that of cooked feeds. For each kilogram increase in gross weight, 0.2 to 0.3 kg of fine material can be saved, and there is no difference between dry matter digestibility and protein digestibility. In addition, feeding raw pigs can save a lot of labor and fuel. However, some toxic or easily contaminated feeds such as rapeseed cakes, cottonseed cakes, glutinous rice, etc. can be detoxified or disinfected after cooking. 2. Thick feeds and thin feeds Thin feeds due to high water content, dilute soup filling pot belly, leading to reduced secretion of digestive juices, accelerated gastric emptying, shortened the time for feed to stay in the stomach, is bound to reduce the digestibility of feed nutrients. Thick-feeding, in particular, raw-dry feeding and raw-wet feeding, can enhance the chewing performance of pigs, promote the secretion of digestive juices, prolong the stay of the feed in the stomach and improve the digestibility of nutrients. Therefore, it is recommended to use thick feed, dry feed, or water. The degree of dryness and wetness of the dry feed mixed with green feed slurry is appropriate to be squeezed and scattered. 3. Small and large meals must be based on the type of pig, age, season and feed properties to determine the number of meals, can not be generalized. The suckling piglets have small stomach volume and weak digestion. From the 7th day of age, they are mostly lure-feeding, which can be limited to the number of meals; from 20 days of age until weaning, they can feed more than 6 tons per day; pigs that have just weaned digest feed The function is in an increasingly enhanced stage and can be fed 4 to 5 tons per day; sows with late litter and late sows need more nutrients and can feed 4 tons per day; shelf pigs, big pigs, empty sows, boars Feed 3 meals a day. Hot summer days, short nights and long nights, the pig's activities are also long, you can add 1 to 2 meals, as appropriate, to prevent hunger and replenishment. The winter is cold and the nights are long. The first meal in the morning is to be fed early. The evening meal is to be fed late to properly open the interval. And in the evening, you have to feed it thick to prevent it from being cold. 4. Timing. Feeding pigs should never be delayed today, but feed them early tomorrow. The time for feeding pigs should be fixed every day. This will make the pigs grow habits. They want to eat as soon as time passes, and they regularly secrete digestive juices. They are particularly fragrant when eaten. They are also easy to digest and are not susceptible to gastrointestinal problems. If the feeding time is not fixed, they disrupt the regularity of the pig’s life. , It is easy to cause digestive disorders, each meal is not fragrant, indigestion, leading to pigs suffering from gastro-intestinal diseases, over time, the pig will be thin, growth retardation. 5. Quantitative. Feeding pigs with a meal of hunger and a full meal can make the pigs indigestion and slow weight gain. Therefore, when the pig's approximate feed intake is ascertained, a general feeding amount should be determined. However, the food intake of the same group or even the same pig is often different due to climatic conditions, feed palatability, and feeding techniques. After the feeder has mastered the food intake of the pig, he must also have a good grasp of the amount of feed based on the nutritional status, feed conditions, and appetite of the pig. Generally, no food is left in the trough after feeding, and pigs are not suitable for troughing. If there are leftovers in the tank, you can reduce the points next time; if you do not eat enough, you can feed more points next time. The appetite law of pigs is generally the most prosperous in the evening, followed by morning, and the worst in the midday. The amount of the day's feeding should be generally allocated according to this law, so that the pig always maintains a strong appetite. The feed of the quailized pigs is best fed with compound feeds formulated by regular feed mills according to the feeding standards of pigs of different types of growth and development stages. If the farmer is self-provisioned, the digestive energy level and protein level of the mixture should be roughly determined according to the feeding standards. The variety and ratio of each ingredient should not change too much. Dietary temperature also has a greater relationship with pig health and weight gain. Spring, summer and autumn are generally fed at room temperature. In winter, hot water should be used to prepare feed and warm water. If the food temperature is too low, the pig will consume a lot of body heat after it is eaten, so that the feed can be raised to the same level as the body temperature. The body heat must be supplemented by the heat energy generated by the oxidation of the nutrients in the feed, which is virtually wasteful. Many feeds may also cause miscarriage and gastroenteritis in pregnant sows. When healthy pigs eat, they have the habit of catching food. Therefore, when feeding pigs, they should not be fed hot scalding food, otherwise they may burn the mouth mucous membrane or even the esophagus. Feeding hot food for a long time can also cause hair loss and hinder pig development. China Agricultural Network Editor