Soybean 45 cm Double Seedling Cultivation Technique

Under the guidance of the Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station, the Suibin County Agricultural Technology Extension Center in Heilongjiang Province has, through many years of experiments and demonstrations, formed a complete set of cultivation techniques for soybean 45 cm double-seeding. This technology has absorbed the advantages of soybean ridge cultivation and peace cultivation. Now its cultivation techniques are described below.

1 Variety selection and seed treatment

Select the appropriate growth period, lodging resistance, potential for increased yield, resistance to pests and diseases, and semi-dwarf semi-dwarf medium-maturing varieties. At present, the most suitable varieties are the tenon farmers No.5, Hongfeng No.11, Heinong No.35, Hefeng No.35, and Cainong No.19. The seeds should be carefully selected, screened twice with 6 mm and 8 mm screens, and then selected with a belt or screw-type machine. After selection, soybean seed coating agent should be used for seed dressing and dried after being dried to control soybean root rot and rooting fly.

2 Site selection and site preparation

Should not choose the soil fertility is too low and low-lying land, should choose medium or middle and upper fertility Pingchuan land, meadow land, the former is best corn, grains, optional conditions are not allowed to marry or repeat One year of soybean plots. The time and quality of soil preparation is the key to the success of the 45 cm double-seeding cultivation technology. We must strictly abide by the agricultural machinery operation technical standards, perform the deep-sown deep-rotation tillage or autumn deep-fall land, and reach the state of being planted. It is not appropriate to turn over the spring. Loosely work. After rotary tillage, the soil in the plough layer is free of large waste land, and the ground is flat and there is no leakage of land and towing.

3 Increase agricultural fertilizer, rational use of chemical fertilizer

The application of agricultural fertilizer and agricultural fertilizer as a complete fertilizer can balance the supply of soybean nutrition and improve the ecological environment of the soil layer. The combined application of agricultural fertilizer and chemical fertilizer generally applies 25 m3 of high-quality agricultural fertilizer, 80 to 100 kg of urea, 175 to 225 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 50 to 75 kg of potassium sulfate. Use the soybean 45 cm double seed drill to conduct two fertilizations, and do deep stratification to increase the fertilizer utilization rate to meet the fertilizer demand in the whole fertility process. The first time before sowing, the fertilizer with 70% of the total amount of fertilizer applied to 15 cm of seed; the second time, with the remaining 20 kg of urea as foliar dressing, the rest of the fertilizer as seed fertilizer was applied to the double row with seeding. Planted 4 to 5 cm.

4 Reasonable close planting to ensure sowing quality

Soybean planting generally follows the principle that fertile plots should be sparsely cultivated, and barren plots should be densely planted; early maturing varieties should be densely planted, and medium maturing varieties should be sparsely planted; the main stem scarring species should be densely planted, and branching and scarring species should be sparsely planted. According to the results of the trials and demonstrations, dense varieties such as Kennong No. 5, Hongfeng No. 11 and Heinong No. 35 were selected, and about 40,000 hectares of preserved seedlings should be planted; the selection of infertile varieties such as Tannong No. 19 and Hefeng No. 35 Hectares should be around 375,000 strains. In order to ensure the quality of sowing and ensure that the seedlings are fully grown, seedlings are uniform and seedlings are strong, in the sowing time, the soil temperature at a distance of 5 cm from the surface is stable at 6 to 7°C, and Suibin County is generally from May 5 to May 15. Sowing, the planting of this period can make full use of the soil moisture during the return period in April, and avoid the soil drought stage in mid-May to ensure that soybeans will be planted before May 25, so that autumn frost protection can be achieved. In the sowing process, it is necessary to do continuous sowing and suppression operations. After sowing, use a “V” type repressor to make additional pressure to ensure that the emergence of seedlings is consistent and neat.

5 Timely eradication of grass, cultivator control in place

Herbicide is a key measure for the 45 cm double-seeding cultivation of soybean. For soil treatment, use 90% acetochlor EC 1.8-2.2L per ha, 70% Saikozin wettable powder 0.4-0.6 kg or 48% Clenbuterol EC 0.8-1.0 L, and spray 300-500 kg of water. When the weeding effect of soil treatment is not good, stems and leaves should be treated in time. Stems and leaves should be treated with 1 to 3 compound leaves of soybeans and 2 to 4 leaves of weeds. Use 25% Huwei water agent 1.0 to 1.5 L and 10% chlorpyrifos EC to 0.75 to 1.20 L per hectare, 300 to 500 for water. Kg spray.

In field management, the first cultivator can be applied to the first cultivator at a depth of 10 to 12 cm after the sowing and spraying of the soil treatment herbicide with a row of rakes every 6 rows. The second shallow tillage can be carried out in the branching stage, when the seedling height is 10 to 15 cm, ridge tillage is adopted to form 45 cm small ridges, and the soil is not subject to pressure seedlings; the third cultivator is mainly to remove the hardened layer and eliminate Weeds to prevent lodging. Fertilizer at the beginning of flowering stage, with 7 kg of urea plus 0.2 kg of boron-molybdenum micro-complex fertilizer or 23 g of ammonium molybdate per hectare, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5 kg plus 500 kg of water for extra-root fertilizer. Soybean grain filling fertilizer, according to the growth of soybeans, urea 7 kg per hectare can be added Huimanfeng, Gold 655 and other foliar fertilizer, 500 kg of water spray to ensure that the soybean is not deferred later. If soybeans grow vigorously in the early stage, in order to prevent lodging, from the initial flowering stage to full flowering stage, 1.5% paclobutrazol WP 200 mg/kg aqueous solution 750 kg can be sprayed per hectare.

6 grasp the early grasping, pest control and disease prevention

At present, the most serious diseases and pests in soybean production are gray leaf spot, downy mildew, and aphid and borer. Prevention should be mainly prevention, supplemented by treatment. When 20% of soybeans in the field have aphids, they can use 2.5% dichlorfon or 10% EC50 or 40% omethoate and 500 mL per hectare. Kg spray control, and can cure red spider. In late July, 50% carbendazim WP 1.5 kg per hectare and 500 kg water to prevent gray spot disease.

7 timely harvest

Timely harvesting is the key to achieving a bumper harvest, which is harvesting with a combine harvester during the mid-completion period when all the soybean leaves fall off. When harvesting, no bottom sill is left, the comprehensive harvest loss does not exceed 4%, the crushed grain does not exceed 5%, and the cleanliness rate is higher than 95%. After the threshing, artificial or mechanical selection shall be conducted in time so that the quality of soybean products can meet the national third-level or higher standards. (020)

(Changdong Town Plantation Industry Center, Suibin County, Heilongjiang Province, China)