Drought-proof sowing techniques

In order to enhance wheat production in dry conditions, several key agricultural practices should be implemented. First, early sowing of wheat is recommended, especially during the early spring. Avoiding plowing and using reduced or no-tillage methods helps preserve soil moisture by sealing surface cracks, which reduces evaporation. For arid land, a series of continuous operations such as plowing, seeding, and pressing can significantly shorten site preparation time, thereby improving drought resistance. Second, it's important to concentrate locomotive operations to minimize the time required for site preparation. If necessary, soil preparation can be done at night and planting during the day to reduce moisture loss. In early spring, site preparation must be adapted to local conditions. If autumn soil preparation didn’t reach the ideal sowing state, it’s crucial to take advantage of the freezing period to till the ground up to 8–10 cm deep, then proceed with sowing. If the fall preparation was sufficient, timely action is essential. Third, promoting ridge cultivation is an effective method. Ridge farming for soybeans and corn helps conserve water, improves the rhizosphere environment, maintains soil fertility, and increases yield efficiency. This technique is particularly suitable for regions experiencing spring droughts, summer rains, and autumn dryness, making it a critical drought-resistant measure. Fourth, enhancing nutrient management plays a vital role in drought resistance. Increasing organic fertilizer and humic acid application improves soil moisture retention. Adding potassium and phosphate fertilizers as base fertilizers enhances protein moisture content and strengthens drought tolerance. Deep application of chemical fertilizers improves nutrient use efficiency, especially in dry years. Foliar sprays, such as amino acid-based fertilizers, can be applied one week after wheat emergence to promote root development and improve water absorption. It’s also important to maintain a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N:P:K = 1~1.1:1:0.4), and to apply fertilizer and sow in one pass using a no-till seed-fertilizer machine. This method can increase yields by 15% to 25%. Fifth, variety selection is crucial. In dry years, early-maturing varieties may suffer from yield reduction due to the "neck drought" phenomenon. Therefore, selecting large-seeded, drought-resistant wheat varieties is recommended. As the saying goes, “A big seed leads to a strong plant.” Using large seeds improves the crop’s natural drought resistance, and late-maturing, drought-tolerant varieties are best suited for such conditions. Sixth, implementing the "three pressures" technique for wheat—pressing before sowing, after sowing, and on young plants—can help strengthen root development and enhance drought resistance. Applying pressure twice on young wheat seedlings promotes better root growth and overall resilience. Lastly, increasing measures such as artificial rainfall can be beneficial. If conditions allow, spraying can be conducted to supplement moisture. Sprinkler irrigation between late May and early June ensures adequate water for wheat during critical growth stages. These combined strategies ensure better crop performance even in challenging climatic conditions.

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