Drought-proof sowing techniques

In order to improve the efficiency of wheat cultivation in dry conditions, several key agricultural practices should be implemented. First, early sowing is essential. In early spring, plowing should be minimized or avoided altogether, and no-tillage methods should be adopted. Filling surface cracks promptly helps reduce soil moisture evaporation. By using continuous operations such as plowing, sowing, and pressing on arid land, farmers can shorten site preparation time and enhance drought resistance. Second, concentrated machinery operations are crucial. Tractors should work efficiently to reduce the time required for site preparation. If necessary, soil preparation can be done during the evening and sowing during the day to minimize moisture loss. Site preparation must be adapted to local conditions. If autumn soil preparation was not sufficient, farmers should take advantage of the freezing period to till the soil up to 8-10 cm deep, then proceed with sowing. If the fall preparation was adequate, timely action is still necessary. Third, promoting ridge farming is beneficial. For crops like soybeans and corn, ridge formation helps conserve water, improves the rhizosphere environment, maintains soil fertility, and increases productivity. This method is especially effective in areas prone to spring droughts, making it a critical drought-resistant technique. Fourth, proper fertilization plays a vital role in crop resilience. Increasing organic fertilizer and humic acid-based fertilizers enhances moisture retention. Adding potassium and phosphate fertilizers as base fertilizers improves plant moisture content and overall drought resistance. Deep application of chemical fertilizers increases nutrient uptake, particularly in dry years. Foliar sprays, such as amino acid-based fertilizers, can be used one week after wheat emergence to promote root development and water absorption. Balanced fertilization with a ratio of nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium at 1~1.1:1:0.4 is recommended. Combining deep fertilization with sowing using no-tillage seed-fertilizer equipment can increase yields by 15% to 25%. Fifth, selecting the right variety is important. In dry years, early-maturing wheat varieties may suffer yield losses, so late sowing and drought-resistant varieties should be preferred. Large seeds are more resilient and help improve the plant’s ability to withstand drought. Using drought-resistant, late-wet-resistant wheat varieties is highly recommended. Sixth, implementing the "three pressures" technique is effective. This includes applying pressure before sowing, after sowing, and during the early growth stage of the crop. Applying pressure twice to young wheat seedlings promotes root development and enhances drought resistance. Lastly, artificial rainfall and irrigation measures can be taken when possible. Sprinkler irrigation from late May to early June ensures that wheat has enough moisture for proper growth. These strategies collectively contribute to more sustainable and resilient wheat production in dry conditions.

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