How to keep pregnant ewe

The management and feeding of ewes during the last month of pregnancy is a critical period that significantly impacts the health and development of the fetus. Due to the limited nutritional value of forage alone, even if ewes are grazing and receiving supplements, they may still not meet their full nutritional requirements. Therefore, farmers should closely monitor the nutritional status of their ewes and adjust feed accordingly. During the second month of pregnancy, as the fetus develops, the nutritional demands of the ewe increase. It is recommended to gradually increase the amount of concentrate feed. A suitable mix could include 40% soybeans, 30% corn, 20% barley, and 10% wheat. Soak this mixture in warm water for 6–8 hours, then grind it into a pulp. Add 10–15% soybean meal, 5–8% bran, and 1% salt, based on the total weight of the soybeans. Feed this mixture two to three times daily, with each ewe receiving 50–100 grams of the concentrate. Young ewes may require a slightly higher amount to support their growth. By the third month of pregnancy, the ewe’s forage intake should be carefully managed. Reduce the frequency of feeding forages and concentrates to avoid overfeeding, which can negatively affect fetal development. Maintaining a balanced diet is essential to ensure proper growth and prevent complications. At four months of gestation, the fetus has already reached 60–70% of the lamb's expected body weight. At this stage, the ewe also needs to store nutrients for milk production after birth. The concentrate feeding should be increased to about twice the amount consumed before pregnancy. Fresh, diverse forages such as young grass, carrots, and other green feeds are beneficial. Avoid feeding potatoes, vinasse, or unprocessed cottonseed or rapeseed cakes. Do not use moldy, cold, overly acidic, or contaminated feeds, including those mixed with ergot or poisonous weeds like flowers and stamens, as these can lead to issues such as abortion, difficult labor, or postpartum diseases. About one month before lambing, it’s important to control the amount of roughage and focus on soft, easily digestible feeds such as nitrate-treated straw, silage, or salted straw, along with juicy green feeds. These help maintain digestive health. Ten days before birth, reduce feed amounts according to the ewe’s appetite and digestion to avoid overfeeding. Two to three days before delivery, ewes with good body condition will show signs such as swollen udders and abdominal edema. In such cases, reduce feed by 1/3 to 1/2 to prevent excessive milk production, which can cause udder swelling, back milk, or digestive issues in lambs. For thin ewes, if the udder dries up a week before birth, reduce roughage but increase protein-rich feeds like sesame cake, soybean meal, soymilk, or bean residue, along with fresh green feeds to support milk production. Lastly, always ensure that the feed and water provided to pregnant ewes are clean and free from contamination.

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