Egg breeding technology
2019-06-18 04:49:11
鹌鹑 is a special economic bird, which has the advantages of fast growth, early maturation, more eggs, less material consumption, and short production cycle. Pork is rich in nutrients, rich in protein, iron, calcium, and phosphorus, and is known as the treasure of game; quail eggs are rich in lecithin, cephalins, and hormones, and quail egg protein molecules are smaller than egg protein molecules, making it easier Digestion and absorption have special curative effects on allergies and gastro-intestinal diseases. They have special nutritional effects on the human nervous system, and meat, eggs and blood can be used as medicine.
A female quail can be grown to 45-50 days of age, with an annual production of 200-300 eggs, and 2.4-3 kg of eggs. The average egg production rate can reach over 80%, and each quail only produces eggs from hatching to egg production. The consumption of material is 0.75 kg, only consumes 20-25 grams per day, 9 kg of material is consumed in the whole year, and the ratio of eggs to eggs is 2.6-2.7:1. The incubation period of the pupa is only 17 days, and it can be bred all year round. Breeding clams has a high overall efficiency and a stable market. At present, domestic rearing capacity is second only to chickens and ducks.
First, the living habits
1.鹌鹑 likes the warm and dry environment, below 15 degrees Celsius and above 30 degrees Celsius, the egg production rate drops, the optimum temperature for egg production is 20-22 degrees Celsius.
2. The gall bladder is easy to be scared. The breeding room should be kept quiet. At present, the cages are kept in cages. The height of the cage is between 15 and 25 centimeters.
3. The quail grows quickly and has a short life span. It weighs only 78 grams at the time of hatching, and the sexual maturity can reach 120 grams at 45-50 days.
Second, the breeding of species
1. Kind of choice. Both male and female parents should choose fleas that are within three generations, are well developed, have no disease, have a body weight of 120 grams or more, and are full-bodied. The red ball of the male anus is fine and bright red; the mother’s abdominal volume is large, the pubis free end and the back of the sternum are three fingers wide, the left and right pubic bones are two fingers wide, and the male and female species are in a ratio of 1:3. Cage rearing, natural mating.
2. incubation. Select the output within a week, obvious spots, moderate size, normal egg shape after disinfection, according to the blunt head up to 25 degrees Celsius indoor preheat 6-8 hours after hatching. Incubation management is as follows: a. Temperature: In the incubation process of quail eggs, the principle of “high in early stage, middle stage, and low stage in the later stage†should be implemented. At the same time, combining “incubation seasonâ€, outside temperature, and embryonic development status, “getting the temperature of the fetus†can be flexibly controlled. Keep it between 38-39 degrees Celsius. b. Relative humidity: The relative humidity in the incubator is maintained at 60-65%. Humidity can be increased to 80% the day before hatching. c. Ventilation and ventilation: The requirement of oxygen for embryos is less in the early period and more in the later period; less in the winter and more in the summer. In the first 8 days of incubation, ventilation should be opened at regular intervals, and ventilation should be repeated frequently for 8 days. 4 turn the eggs: from hatching hatch eggs to 2-3 days before hatching, when the eggs turn every day and night in 4-12 times. d, cool eggs: open the incubator door, reduce the egg temperature, cool eggs each time with the specific circumstances of flexible control, with the eyelid test temperature can be a bit cool. e, egg inspection: a photo taken in the incubation period of 5-7 days, out of no eggs and dead embryonic eggs; two photos in the incubation period of 12-13 days, eliminating dead eggs. f, hatching: hatching 15 days of landing, the eggs removed from the egg tray into the hatching tray, increase the incubator humidity to 80% until the hatching, the newborn can be removed after the hair is dry.
Third, the cultivation of chicks The breeding period of the chicks is 30 days. After the first-born hair is dried, it can be placed in a brooder, and the rearing management is as follows:
1. Insulation. Broodling temperature is maintained at 37-36 degrees Celsius on the 1st to 6th day, 36-35 degrees Celsius on the 7th to 14th day, 34 degrees Celsius on the 15th to 20th days, and decreases by 1 degree Celsius and drops to 27 degrees Celsius after 20 days. No longer use thermal insulation equipment and move to normal temperature of 22-27 degrees Celsius. The brooding insulation equipment can be used for brooding umbrellas, as well as ordinary light bulbs, electric tweezers, and warm water bags.
2. Drinking water. The chicks drink water within 24 hours after hatching. Generally, the young chicks can drink water in a brooding chamber, and they can drink water with 0.01% potassium permanganate, and then drink cool water. Once you drink water, you cannot interrupt it.
3. Feeding. After drinking water, young chicks can eat 1 hour, and feed 1-3 days old. 100 grams of corn flour was added to the starter diet and 1 gram of yeast powder was added. On the second day, the diets containing 27-28% of protein were fed. After 4 days of age, they were gradually replaced with chicks. For non-feeding chicks should be trained, the method is to sprinkle the feed on paper or non-toxic plastic film, the non-feeding chicks on the top, gently tapping on the paper or plastic film , Inducing its intake. The following formulas can be used for young chicks: 52% corn flour, 27% soybean cake, 5% bran, 10% fishmeal, 5% leaf powder, 1% bone meal, plus 10 grams of multi-vitamin. Stir the feed evenly. 1 to 7 days old 6-8 times a day, then gradually reduced to 4 times, to ensure continuous material, continuous water.
4. Density and light. Generally small age can be more dense, age can be more sparse, raising brooding density for the first week of age 120-150/m2, 2 weeks old 80-100/m2, 3-4 weeks old 60- 80/m2. Ensure that the light hours are conducive to eating, drinking, and production performance. 24-hour light for one week and light for 14-16 hours after one week of age.
5. Careful management. Observe the status of the chicks and check that the temperature, humidity, and ventilation are appropriate. Wash the sink and trough regularly and disinfect regularly. Keep the environment clean. Male and female segregation is carried out at 3-4 weeks of age. Vaccination or deworming is carried out at 4 weeks of age to avoid affecting laying.
IV. Feeding and management of adult clams
1. Feeding. The dry powder is used for free food intake and a sand trough is provided for free drinking. The formula used for egg quail feed is as follows: corn flour 47%, bean cake 33%, fishmeal 10%, bran 4%, bone meal 1%, eucalyptus leaf powder 5%, 10 grams of zinc sulfate per 100 kg of feed, manganese sulfate 15 grams .
2. temperature. The suitable temperature for laying eggs is 20-22 degrees Celsius. According to temperature changes and adjustments, it is necessary to strengthen ventilation in the summer, reduce the rearing density, do a good job of preventing the heat, winter should pay attention to cold and warm, increase the stocking density and the furnace and other measures to maintain the temperature .
3. illumination. During the production of eggs, light is very important. General illumination 16-18 hours. When natural light is insufficient, it is necessary to add light early and late.
4. Do a good job of day-to-day management. Pay attention to the cleanliness of cages, and regularly clean and sterilize feed troughs and sinks. Pick eggs every morning and evening. Pay attention to the mental status, appetite, and fecal observations of the herd, find the sickness to isolate the treatment in time, keep quiet, and make daily records.
A female quail can be grown to 45-50 days of age, with an annual production of 200-300 eggs, and 2.4-3 kg of eggs. The average egg production rate can reach over 80%, and each quail only produces eggs from hatching to egg production. The consumption of material is 0.75 kg, only consumes 20-25 grams per day, 9 kg of material is consumed in the whole year, and the ratio of eggs to eggs is 2.6-2.7:1. The incubation period of the pupa is only 17 days, and it can be bred all year round. Breeding clams has a high overall efficiency and a stable market. At present, domestic rearing capacity is second only to chickens and ducks.
First, the living habits
1.鹌鹑 likes the warm and dry environment, below 15 degrees Celsius and above 30 degrees Celsius, the egg production rate drops, the optimum temperature for egg production is 20-22 degrees Celsius.
2. The gall bladder is easy to be scared. The breeding room should be kept quiet. At present, the cages are kept in cages. The height of the cage is between 15 and 25 centimeters.
3. The quail grows quickly and has a short life span. It weighs only 78 grams at the time of hatching, and the sexual maturity can reach 120 grams at 45-50 days.
Second, the breeding of species
1. Kind of choice. Both male and female parents should choose fleas that are within three generations, are well developed, have no disease, have a body weight of 120 grams or more, and are full-bodied. The red ball of the male anus is fine and bright red; the mother’s abdominal volume is large, the pubis free end and the back of the sternum are three fingers wide, the left and right pubic bones are two fingers wide, and the male and female species are in a ratio of 1:3. Cage rearing, natural mating.
2. incubation. Select the output within a week, obvious spots, moderate size, normal egg shape after disinfection, according to the blunt head up to 25 degrees Celsius indoor preheat 6-8 hours after hatching. Incubation management is as follows: a. Temperature: In the incubation process of quail eggs, the principle of “high in early stage, middle stage, and low stage in the later stage†should be implemented. At the same time, combining “incubation seasonâ€, outside temperature, and embryonic development status, “getting the temperature of the fetus†can be flexibly controlled. Keep it between 38-39 degrees Celsius. b. Relative humidity: The relative humidity in the incubator is maintained at 60-65%. Humidity can be increased to 80% the day before hatching. c. Ventilation and ventilation: The requirement of oxygen for embryos is less in the early period and more in the later period; less in the winter and more in the summer. In the first 8 days of incubation, ventilation should be opened at regular intervals, and ventilation should be repeated frequently for 8 days. 4 turn the eggs: from hatching hatch eggs to 2-3 days before hatching, when the eggs turn every day and night in 4-12 times. d, cool eggs: open the incubator door, reduce the egg temperature, cool eggs each time with the specific circumstances of flexible control, with the eyelid test temperature can be a bit cool. e, egg inspection: a photo taken in the incubation period of 5-7 days, out of no eggs and dead embryonic eggs; two photos in the incubation period of 12-13 days, eliminating dead eggs. f, hatching: hatching 15 days of landing, the eggs removed from the egg tray into the hatching tray, increase the incubator humidity to 80% until the hatching, the newborn can be removed after the hair is dry.
Third, the cultivation of chicks The breeding period of the chicks is 30 days. After the first-born hair is dried, it can be placed in a brooder, and the rearing management is as follows:
1. Insulation. Broodling temperature is maintained at 37-36 degrees Celsius on the 1st to 6th day, 36-35 degrees Celsius on the 7th to 14th day, 34 degrees Celsius on the 15th to 20th days, and decreases by 1 degree Celsius and drops to 27 degrees Celsius after 20 days. No longer use thermal insulation equipment and move to normal temperature of 22-27 degrees Celsius. The brooding insulation equipment can be used for brooding umbrellas, as well as ordinary light bulbs, electric tweezers, and warm water bags.
2. Drinking water. The chicks drink water within 24 hours after hatching. Generally, the young chicks can drink water in a brooding chamber, and they can drink water with 0.01% potassium permanganate, and then drink cool water. Once you drink water, you cannot interrupt it.
3. Feeding. After drinking water, young chicks can eat 1 hour, and feed 1-3 days old. 100 grams of corn flour was added to the starter diet and 1 gram of yeast powder was added. On the second day, the diets containing 27-28% of protein were fed. After 4 days of age, they were gradually replaced with chicks. For non-feeding chicks should be trained, the method is to sprinkle the feed on paper or non-toxic plastic film, the non-feeding chicks on the top, gently tapping on the paper or plastic film , Inducing its intake. The following formulas can be used for young chicks: 52% corn flour, 27% soybean cake, 5% bran, 10% fishmeal, 5% leaf powder, 1% bone meal, plus 10 grams of multi-vitamin. Stir the feed evenly. 1 to 7 days old 6-8 times a day, then gradually reduced to 4 times, to ensure continuous material, continuous water.
4. Density and light. Generally small age can be more dense, age can be more sparse, raising brooding density for the first week of age 120-150/m2, 2 weeks old 80-100/m2, 3-4 weeks old 60- 80/m2. Ensure that the light hours are conducive to eating, drinking, and production performance. 24-hour light for one week and light for 14-16 hours after one week of age.
5. Careful management. Observe the status of the chicks and check that the temperature, humidity, and ventilation are appropriate. Wash the sink and trough regularly and disinfect regularly. Keep the environment clean. Male and female segregation is carried out at 3-4 weeks of age. Vaccination or deworming is carried out at 4 weeks of age to avoid affecting laying.
IV. Feeding and management of adult clams
1. Feeding. The dry powder is used for free food intake and a sand trough is provided for free drinking. The formula used for egg quail feed is as follows: corn flour 47%, bean cake 33%, fishmeal 10%, bran 4%, bone meal 1%, eucalyptus leaf powder 5%, 10 grams of zinc sulfate per 100 kg of feed, manganese sulfate 15 grams .
2. temperature. The suitable temperature for laying eggs is 20-22 degrees Celsius. According to temperature changes and adjustments, it is necessary to strengthen ventilation in the summer, reduce the rearing density, do a good job of preventing the heat, winter should pay attention to cold and warm, increase the stocking density and the furnace and other measures to maintain the temperature .
3. illumination. During the production of eggs, light is very important. General illumination 16-18 hours. When natural light is insufficient, it is necessary to add light early and late.
4. Do a good job of day-to-day management. Pay attention to the cleanliness of cages, and regularly clean and sterilize feed troughs and sinks. Pick eggs every morning and evening. Pay attention to the mental status, appetite, and fecal observations of the herd, find the sickness to isolate the treatment in time, keep quiet, and make daily records.
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