Changing Traditional Farming Modes to Strengthen Winter Management of Fingerlings

In traditional fish farming practices in China, fish are not fed during the long winter period, forcing them to rely on the energy reserves they built up throughout the year. As a result, they lose weight and often struggle to survive after a prolonged winter. This issue is particularly severe for certain fish species that are overwintering. Studies have shown that under traditional methods, fish can lose more than 10% of their body weight, with mortality rates ranging from 8% to 15%. In some cases, especially with weaker fish species, the mortality rate can exceed 40%. Additionally, long periods without food lead to weakened digestive systems, metabolic imbalances, and reduced disease resistance. It takes time for fish to recover after spring, which negatively affects subsequent aquaculture productivity. Therefore, changing the traditional approach, improving winter management, and ensuring proper feeding during this critical season can significantly improve survival rates, shorten breeding cycles, and boost overall efficiency. To enhance winter management, several key strategies should be implemented: First, maintaining good water quality is essential. Proper water regulation helps provide sufficient oxygen and reduces harmful substances. Increasing the water temperature slightly can also help fish survive better. Regular water changes are necessary—typically every 15 to 20 days. The amount of water changed depends on its condition, usually between 10 cm and 20 cm. Monitoring water temperature is important; when the incoming water is warmer, it should be added gradually to raise the pond’s temperature. In late winter, a larger water change can be done to improve conditions and encourage early feeding and growth. Second, timely feeding is crucial. Traditional methods often involve no feeding during winter, but this should be adjusted. Fish should be fed regularly, especially when fingerlings are present. On sunny days, feeding once every two to three days is recommended, with daily amounts ranging from 1% to 2% of the fish’s body weight. After ice forms, small amounts of feed can be placed in ice holes to ensure fish remain well-fed. Third, applying top-dressing or fertilizers during winter can promote phytoplankton growth, increase dissolved oxygen, and provide insulation. Organic manure such as cow or pig dung is ideal, applied every 15 to 20 days at 100–200 kg per acre. For ponds with high silt content, chemical fertilizers can be used in a nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of 1:0.1, at 4–6 kg per mu. However, if the water quality is already good, fertilization may not be necessary. Fourth, disease prevention is vital. Common winter diseases include saprophytic infections, often caused by injuries or cold stress. To prevent this, careful handling during stocking is essential, and fish should be soaked in a 3–5% salt solution for 10–15 minutes before being placed into the pond. Maintaining proper water levels is also important to avoid freezing damage. If diseases do occur, treatments like formaldehyde solutions (0.5 ppm) or a mix of wolfberry juice, salt, and human urine can be effective. Other common winter diseases include oral nematodes, trichodina, tuberculosis, and vertical scale disease. Early detection and prompt action are key to preventing outbreaks. In northern regions, where ice sealing periods vary, additional steps are needed. Ice holes should be drilled to monitor fish activity and water quality, typically 3–4 holes per acre. Snow and dirt on the ice must be removed to allow sunlight penetration, supporting phytoplankton growth and oxygen production. Keeping the ice clean is essential to avoid sudden oxygen depletion and other hazards. In conclusion, transitioning away from traditional methods and implementing comprehensive winter management practices can greatly improve fish survival and overall aquaculture success. By focusing on water quality, feeding, disease prevention, and ice management, farmers can ensure healthier fish and better yields in the following seasons.

Juice Gummy Candy

Gummy Bear,Juicy Soft Candy,Juice Gummy Candy,Jelly Gummy Candy

Montreal Shantou Food Co., Ltd , https://www.montrealsnack.com