Comprehensive control of rice borers

To effectively manage rice aphids, an integrated approach combining agricultural practices with biological, physical, and chemical methods should be adopted. During the tillering stage and panicle development, it's crucial to address stress factors in rice plants and pay special attention to "bridge fields" where aphids may spread easily, as well as overwintering pests that can cause early infestations. Reducing the initial population of aphids helps control damage rates. Promoting flood-resistant and deep-water tolerant rice varieties, along with timely processing of rice straw, can significantly support these efforts. Additionally, the use of light traps for pest control should be widely encouraged, alongside biological methods such as rice-duck co-culture, natural predator conservation, and pest suppression through ecological balance. In terms of chemical control, it is essential to use safe, efficient, low-toxicity, and long-lasting pesticides. Mixtures like *Bacillus thuringiensis* (B.t.), *B. tectaria*, triazophos microemulsion, trichlorfon, and avermectin are recommended for effective treatment. Large-scale application of one-generation insecticides is also advised. For Sanhua aphid control, a combination of fipronil with trichlorfon or chlorpyrifos can be used, followed by timely reapplication if necessary. It is important to rotate different pesticide types to prevent resistance, avoiding prolonged use of the same agent. Pyrethroid-based pesticides and their formulations are strictly prohibited in paddy fields. Fipronil should not be applied more than once per rice season to ensure safety and sustainability. Timely intervention based on established thresholds is key. During the budding stage, when the dry-strain rate reaches 3%, preventive measures should be taken. When controlling the rice ear, if there are 500 aphids per mu, and the egg incubation period overlaps with the rice heading phase, treatment should occur during the hatching period. For SBPH (Small Brown Planthopper) control, the first spray should be applied during the egg-hatching period. For Saponin aphid management, any field with more than 40 eggs per mu should be targeted. In areas prone to Sanhuayu recurrence, fields where the hatching period aligns with the rice heading stage must be treated promptly to prevent outbreaks. Regular monitoring and adaptive strategies are essential for long-term success in aphid management.

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