Discussion on Water Quality Control Technology of Japanese Shrimp Breeding

Since the large-scale shrimp disease outbreak in the 1990s, Japanese shrimp has become a key species in aquaculture across various regions due to its fast growth rate, high-quality meat, strong resistance to diseases, and excellent survival during transportation. However, during the early stages of larval cultivation, many challenges arise, such as poor larval development and high mortality rates, especially during the zoea stage. These issues often lead to nursery failures. To address this, the author, drawing from years of practical experience in shrimp breeding, conducted extensive research and field trials between 2003 and 2005 at a second aquaculture testing site in Weifang City, Shandong Province. The focus was on improving water quality, optimizing the environment for larval development, and strengthening the health of the larvae, which led to significant improvements in survival rates. The trial involved a 500-cubic-meter nursery facility with 20 ponds, each 1.3 meters deep. Essential infrastructure included water filtration, electricity, gas, heating, and storage tanks. Water used for raising seedlings came from both the Baike River and underground freshwater sources. Nauplii were sourced from Qingdao, Rizhao, and Weifang, with quantities reaching 36 million, 36 million, and 47 million over the three years. Before stocking, fertilization was applied to enhance algae growth, using diammonium phosphate or urea. Initial application was 1.5 ppm, followed by 1 ppm every two weeks. When water clarity reached about 50 cm, fertilization ceased. Disinfection procedures were strictly followed: seawater was filtered through a 300-mesh bag and treated with EDTA before being introduced into the nursery. A disinfectant like sodium dichloroisocyanurate (1 ppm) was added, followed by sodium thiosulfate to neutralize chlorine. Water changes were gradually increased by 5 cm daily, ensuring that the water temperature and salinity remained stable. Aeration was carefully controlled, with different aeration rates for different larval stages. Feeding practices varied depending on the developmental phase, including compound feed, rotifers, Artemia nauplii, and adult Artemia. Careful monitoring ensured that feeding amounts were appropriate, with full stomachs observed under a microscope. Water quality parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were closely monitored, with strict control to maintain stable conditions throughout the rearing period.

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