薏苡Standardized high yield cultivation technology?

**Standardized High Yield Cultivation Technology of Coix Seed** Also known as glutinous rice, barley, and medicinal corn, Coix seed is an annual or perennial herb belonging to the grass family. It has a wide range of health benefits, including clearing heat, promoting diuresis, reducing dampness, expelling pus, strengthening the lungs, spleen, and stomach, enhancing bone strength, relieving spasms, and lowering blood pressure. Recent studies have shown that Coix seeds contain decyl esters and sterols, which exhibit strong anti-cancer properties. As both a medicinal and nutritional supplement, it is also used as a raw material for summer cool drinks. Coix seed thrives in warm and slightly humid climates, and it is highly adaptable. While it can grow in various soil types, it prefers well-drained, fertile sandy loam that receives ample sunlight. Due to its short growth cycle, low technical requirements, and strong market demand, Coix seed is particularly suitable for large-scale cultivation in wetlands, barren hills, slopes, and ridge lands. This makes it an economically and socially beneficial crop when planted using mechanized methods. In 2004, the "Shell Shell" Research Institute selected a medium-mature variety of Coix seed from wild exports to Japan and South Korea. This variety features a thin shell, a rice rate of 55%, light red or pale white seed coats, thick stems, strong resistance to lodging, and high yield. The fruit is oval-shaped, with a light brown or brown surface, a dark brown style at the top, and a base with small dimples. Each grain weighs about 90 grams. It is ideal for large-scale, standardized planting, machine harvesting, and wetland cultivation. Seed treatment is essential for disease prevention. Seeds should be soaked in water for 24 hours before sowing, then treated with 20% triadimefon at a rate of 0.4% of the seed weight. This treatment effectively prevents smut and protects against earthworm damage. Sowing can begin when the average temperature reaches 15°C, either in spring or summer. For small plots, direct seeding or hole sowing is recommended. Planting spacing should be 27 cm between plants and 30 cm between rows. Each hole should contain 4–5 seeds, with 4 kg per mu (approximately 667 square meters). For larger areas, machines are used with a 40 cm spacing and 5 kg of seeds per mu, allowing more than 100 acres to be planted daily. Field management includes transplanting seedlings when they have 2–3 true leaves, removing weak or dense plants, and maintaining proper spacing. Weeding is done twice: once when seedlings reach 6–7 cm in height to promote tillering, and again when they are 16–20 cm tall. Fertilization and soil hilling are performed to support growth and prevent lodging. Water management is crucial for high yields. Unlike traditional beliefs, Coix seed is a wetland plant. During early growth, the soil should remain moist to encourage strong seedling development. Later, drainage helps control excessive tillering, while adequate watering during the booting stage ensures good grain formation. No irrigation is needed 10 days before harvest to facilitate easier harvesting. Removing lower leaves and unnecessary tillers during the jointing period improves air circulation and stem thickness, reducing the risk of lodging. Artificial pollination using sticks or blowers during flowering hours enhances pollination rates and improves yield consistency. Harvesting occurs when the middle and lower leaves turn yellow, and about 80% of the seeds are mature. Harvesting on sunny days allows for better drying. After harvesting, plants are dried, then threshed using a machine or combine harvester. Seeds are dried thoroughly, then cleaned and graded. High-quality seeds can be exported directly to Japan and South Korea, offering significant economic returns. For more information, contact the Shandong Heze City Runkang Chinese Medicine Institute Technology Branch.

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