Domestic experts talk about the challenges and countermeasures of new drug research and development in China

According to Bai Hongwei, Secretary General of the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (IFPMA), in his speech titled “Promoting Drug Innovation and Accessibility Strategies,” the article “Challenges and Countermeasures for New Drug Development in China” highlights key insights on the role of drug innovation in public health. The article emphasizes that new drugs are essential to public health, yet the challenges of developing them are growing significantly. On one hand, the cost of research and development continues to rise, while on the other, pharmaceutical companies often struggle to generate sufficient revenue to offset these high costs. Despite this, the demand for new medicines remains immense. Drug innovation not only addresses medical needs but also brings broader social, political, and economic benefits. It can take many forms, from creating entirely new treatments to modifying existing drugs for better patient outcomes—such as changing a drug’s administration route to make it less invasive or more user-friendly. However, the process is complex, time-consuming, and risky, with low success rates at early development stages. Therefore, supporting new drug development requires a balanced approach across four key strategies: improving healthcare systems to ensure proper use of new drugs, establishing effective market mechanisms to allocate resources efficiently, fostering an environment that supports innovation through knowledge-based policies, and creating a stable and innovative regulatory framework. The article outlines three core issues in ensuring public health: availability, affordability, and accessibility. Availability refers to the ability to develop enough new medicines to meet patient needs. Affordability relates to the financial feasibility of healthcare technologies, and accessibility ensures that patients can actually receive the medicines they need. Among these, innovation is the foundation that enables availability, which in turn supports both affordability and accessibility. To safeguard public health, it is crucial to develop new drugs globally and ensure that basic healthcare services can provide the necessary medicines. Innovation is central to this goal. National policies must strike a balance between promoting public health and encouraging pharmaceutical innovation. China has made significant progress in intellectual property protection, and the growth of local researchers and returning overseas students has created favorable conditions for the industry's development. Currently, China's pharmaceutical sector is a unique mix of generic drugs, strong manufacturing capabilities, and a smaller biotech presence. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role, and foreign-owned and joint-venture companies are active in the market. As China continues to integrate into the global economy, especially after joining the WTO, international pharmaceutical firms have entered the Chinese market, bringing advanced technology, capital, talent, and management expertise. This has intensified competition, forcing domestic companies to focus on quality, R&D, and innovation. Traditional development models are no longer sufficient in today’s dynamic market. To thrive, China must identify strategic entry points and continue to invest in innovation and sustainable growth.

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