Pay attention to crops
2025-07-15 13:10:35
Hybrid vegetables cannot be preserved for future planting. Most hybrid vegetable seeds used in modern agriculture are produced through controlled crossbreeding. The offspring of such crosses often exhibit heterosis, meaning they display superior traits compared to their parents, such as higher yield, better quality, and faster maturity. Common examples include cabbage, cauliflower, onion, pepper, cucumber, radish, watermelon, carrot, tomato, and eggplant. Using hybrid seeds can significantly boost productivity and improve economic characteristics like early maturation and disease resistance, making them highly valuable in agricultural production. However, the downside is that these hybrids do not maintain their desirable traits when saved for the next generation. Starting from the second generation (F2), genetic segregation occurs, leading to inconsistent growth, reduced vigor, and lower yields. As a result, hybrid vegetable seeds are typically only suitable for one growing season and should not be saved for replanting.
The use of hormones to ripen rice should also not be preserved for seed purposes. In some regions, farmers apply plant growth regulators like "90%" or ethephon to accelerate rice maturation, especially during off-season planting. While this helps with earlier harvests, it may affect seed quality. In hybrid rice seed production, improper use of certain hormones has been shown to reduce germination rates. Although ethephon, a commonly used ripening agent, does not seem to directly harm seed viability, its long-term effects on rice genetics remain unclear. Researchers have not conducted comprehensive studies on whether ethephon treatment causes genetic changes in rice. To avoid potential risks, it's advisable to avoid using rice treated with ethephon as seed material, as this could lead to unpredictable results and economic losses.
Before the widespread availability of high-quality hybrid cotton seeds, some areas in Hunan used F2 generation seeds (from a cross between Xiangzamian No. 2) due to shortages. However, with advancements in seed production techniques, it's now recommended to avoid using F2 seeds altogether, especially when first-generation (F1) hybrid seeds are readily available. This is because cotton is a self-incompatible crop, and natural outcrossing rates in the field range from 7% to 9%. As a result, F2 seeds tend to produce weaker plants with lower yields and reduced disease resistance. Therefore, promoting the use of F2 seeds is not advisable. Additionally, conventional cotton varieties, as well as late-season peaches and pears, should not be left to dry in the field. Cotton sprayed with ethephon before full maturity should not be saved for planting. Damaged cotton from mechanical harvesting, cotton stored for too long, or seeds kept near pesticides and fertilizers all suffer from poor germination rates and should not be used as seed. Some farmers who haven't updated their cotton varieties for years may end up with seeds that have a germination rate as low as 70–80%, leading to declining yields and quality over time. It's essential to use fresh, high-quality seeds to ensure sustainable and productive farming.
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