Northern pollution-free vegetable base technology
Pollution-free vegetables are vegetables that are not contaminated with harmful substances and are a general name for vegetables that combine safety, quality, and nutrition. I will now summarize my key points in my experience in practice.
The basic conditions for growing vegetables
The vegetable base must be selected from areas that are far from the factory, where there is no pollution in the soil, and where there is sufficient traffic and hydropower. Land contiguous. The comprehensive treatment environment of water and soil can meet the relevant national standards. After the selection of the base, it should also plan rationally, improve irrigation and drainage facilities, and create a high-quality, high-efficiency and low-consumption environment for the production of pollution-free vegetables.
Second, the refined cultivation of vegetables,
The detailed cultivation techniques are based on the requirements for harmless treatment of vegetable pests and diseases, researching the laws of the growth and development of vegetables, the regulation of the environment, and the law of yield formation, researching soilless cultivation, facility cultivation, water-saving irrigation, application of these technologies, and pests and diseases. The relationship between growth and decline; the study of crop rotation techniques among different families of vegetables, technology for rinsing and arranging, clean garden technology, and introduction of trials to promote the integration of pest-resistant cultivars and techniques, and develops (designs) a set of local and different types of vegetable suitable for local conditions. The production of technical specifications for the base production applications.
Three diseases and insect pests chemical control technology
The prevention and control of vegetable pests and diseases shall adhere to the plant protection policy of “prevention as the mainstay and comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, be based on agricultural prevention and control, coordinate the use of biological control and physical control, apply scientific and rational chemical control technologies, and control pests and diseases to the level of allowable economic losses. In order to obtain the best ecological, economic and social benefits. The main technologies of its chemical control are as follows
1 The use of highly toxic, highly toxic, and high residue pesticides on vegetables is prohibited. Among common pesticides, highly toxic pesticides such as iron toxin, phorate-containing, parathion and thiote; high-toxic pesticides such as chlorfloxacin, protected cotton, phosphorus, phosphorus, thiophene, long-term Phosphorus, chlorfenulfuron, carbofuran (carbofuran), methyl parathion, trithiophos, toxaprop-en, pyrimiphos, methamidophos, phosphoamine, methomyl, methyl- Killing of P, Phosphorus, Methyl-methyl-parathion, Methyl-isosalt-phos, chlorfenone, endosulfan, omethoate, etc. is prohibited on vegetables.
2 correct use of agents. According to the types of pests and diseases and the nature of pesticides, different fungicides and insecticides are used to prevent and treat the disease. All pesticides used must be registered by the Ministry of Agriculture's pesticide inspection authority. Do not use pesticides that have not been registered and have no production licenses, especially those that have no name, no drug name, and no description.
3 see the weather application. Generally should be carried out on a sunny day without wind, and the temperature has a certain influence on the efficacy. Therefore, according to the weather conditions, the flexible application of pesticides.
4 Strengthen pest forecasting and control the appropriate period of prevention and control. The variety of pests and diseases of vegetables is complex and occurs in a complex manner. The major pests and pests must be monitored during the main period of occurrence of pests. Generally speaking, the younger stages of pests and the initial stages of diseases are suitable for control.
5 grasp the timing of application. According to the rule of disease and insect pests, identify the weak links and apply pesticides in time to receive a multiplier effect.
6 pay attention to drug application technology. In the implementation of chemical control, pesticides must be applied to the target in order to effectively control the occurrence and development of vegetable pests and diseases in order to protect the normal growth of vegetables. If the “off target†is applied, the control effect will be reduced and the environmental pollution will be caused.
7 In strict accordance with the relevant regulations, the concentration of pesticides used, the amount of use, the dosage form, the number of times of use, the mode of use, and the safety interval of the implementation of pesticides shall be controlled.
Four fertilization measures
1 Re-applying organic fertilizer and less fertilizer: Adequate organic fertilizer can continuously supply nutrients for the whole growing period of vegetables, which is conducive to the improvement of the quality of vegetables. Crop straw and livestock and poultry manure should be added to the starter through high-temperature accumulation and fermentation, so that it can be fully cooked before applying it to the vegetable field. During the fermentation, fresh manure is put into a plastic bag to be piled or loaded into a cylinder, hot water seal is added, and it is naturally fermented under the environmental humidity above 15°C.
2 heavy basal fertilizer, less application of fertilizer: Practice has proved that, under the same basal conditions, the greater the top dressing amount, the green vegetable production should be applied to the base fertilizer, control top dressing, generally applied 15 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, 2/3 as base fertilizer, 1/ 3 for topdressing, deep.
3 emphasis on scientific application of chemical fertilizers: First, the prohibition of the application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. The second is to control the amount of chemical fertilizers. Generally, the amount of nitrogen applied per mu should be controlled within 15 kg of pure nitrogen. The third is to deepen and apply early. The general ammonia nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the soil below 6cm, and urea is applied to soil below lOcm. Early application is beneficial to the early and long-term growth of crops, prolonging fertilizer efficiency and reducing nitrate accumulation.
4 Fertilization varies from place to place, due to seedlings, and varies from season to season: different geology, different seedling conditions, different types of fertilization in different seasons, and fertilization methods will vary. Low-fertilizer vegetable plots can be treated with nitrogenous fertilizer and organic manure to fertilize fertility. .
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