Autumn and winter management focus on high yields in the coming year
During the autumn and winter season, the winter temperatures in the northern regions are low, and the plants are vulnerable to low temperature and freezing. In order to ensure the safe wintering of grape plants, there will be a good harvest in the coming year. Before winter comes, winter management must be done. Ma Zhifeng, a member of the Expert Advisory Group of the newspaper and an expert on fruit mixing of the Yangling Vocational and Technical College, suggested that the following management priorities should be made by the farmers in autumn and winter seasons:
Winter irrigation
Ma Zhifeng said that applying a basal fertilizer during the autumn and winter seasons will ensure safe winterization of grape plants and will play an important role in the strong growth in the coming year. In particular, as a result of the grapes, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium needed for growth will be applied to the soil in the form of basic fertilizer. The basal fertilizer is best produced by stacking earthworm-faeces of livestock and poultry, various kinds of cake fertilizers, and organic fertilizers such as soil-based fertilizers. Generally, it applies 3 to 4 tons per acre.
Blade management
After harvesting, the old leaves of the grapes play an important role in increasing the nutrient storage of the tree through photosynthesis. Therefore, we must pay attention to protecting the leaves and enhancing the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves. After fruit harvesting, it should be used as little as possible or without using old leaves. Sulfur pesticides must be strictly controlled to prevent premature aging of leaves and reduce photosynthetic intensity, nor can blindly apply available nitrogen fertilizers. Otherwise, it is easy to promote the germination and growth of shoots. Nutrients and can not be mature.
Pruning
The pruning can adjust the structure of the plants, balance the growth of the vines and the growth of the fruits, and maintain good ventilation and light transmission conditions. "The main purpose of pruning in winter is to eliminate the useless sticks, pests and branches, disability and old dendrite, and to cut the same year's old dendrite. Selecting and retaining the next year's results, the main branch, the pruning method should be based on different varieties of characteristics, cultivation techniques, frame type, etc. Treat differently," Ma Zhifeng said.
Clean Garden Exterminator
Many diseases and pests of grapes will leave the branches and leaves in winter. Therefore, after the fall of the grapes in the winter, all residual leaves, residues and weeds on the vineyard floor should be cleaned and burned together to avoid leaving pathogens and eggs for overwintering. Under the hiding place, the weeds and dead leaves that are removed can also be left in the fertilizing time and backfilled into the fertilization ditch as a base fertilizer. After the orchard is cleaned up, the lime sulfur is evenly sprayed on the grape shoots and shelves to reduce the source of winter diseases.
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