How do domestic geraniums reproduce?
Propagating plants through cuttings is a common and effective method, especially for flowering species. The best time to take cuttings is between April and May or August and September, depending on the local climate and the ideal growing temperature of 18–20°C. It’s important to choose a period when the plant is actively growing and healthy.
The soil used for propagation should be well-draining and aerated. A mix of sand, perlite, and peat moss works well, or you can use coarse sand, mature compost, or expanded perlite. Before using, make sure the materials are sterilized by sun exposure or other disinfecting methods to prevent diseases.
It's a good idea to take cuttings during spring or autumn pruning. Select healthy young shoots that have been free from pests and diseases for at least a year. Cut them into sections about 8 cm long. Make the cut just below a node (about 0.2 cm), and let the cut ends dry slightly before planting. You can dip the base in rooting hormone to encourage faster root development. Remove the lower leaves, but leave 1–2 leaves at the top. If the leaves are large, you can trim them back by one-third or half to reduce water loss.
When preparing the potting mix, use a bamboo stick to create a small hole, then insert the cutting carefully. Press the soil gently around it to ensure good contact. Place the pot in a shaded, cool area, avoiding direct sunlight. Water only when necessary, keeping the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Roots should appear within about two weeks under proper temperature conditions.
Once the cutting has grown to about 15 cm, you can pinch back the tip to encourage bushier growth and more side branches. Feed the plant with a diluted liquid fertilizer high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, or use organic options like diluted fish emulsion or composted manure. This will help the plant grow strong and healthy, and it may bloom in winter or the following spring, depending on the species and care provided.
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